Effectiveness of shutdown measures. Panels A and B correlate the weekly increase of incidences per 100 000 population in October 2020 and the weekly change of incidences per 100 000 population per age group and federal state during the partial and extended shutdown periods, respectively. The colours of the points (green, blue, and purple) correspond to the clusters north, east, and southwest in Figure 3. Positive changes on the y-axis denote increasing numbers of weekly new infections, while negative changes denote decreasing weekly new infections. Panel A shows a weak correlation between October growth and strength of slowing down by the partial shutdown in November. Panel B indicates a strong correlation between the October growth and the decrease during the extended shutdown in December.