TABLE 1.
Patient characteristics
| Antibody-mediated rejection | Mixed rejection | Acute cellular rejection | Acute tubular necrosis | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 32 | 20 | 16 | 12 |
| Sex, number of males, n (%) | 17 (53) | 13 (65) | 12 (75) | 9 (75) |
| Patient age at biopsy, median, y (IQR) | 51.5 (36.7–57) | 48 (36.7–56) | 44 (36.2–51.5) | 64.5 (62.2–69.7) |
| Time posttransplant, median, d (IQR) | 10 (8–25.7) | 174 (72–737) | 15.5 (12–29.2) | 9.5 (7.7–12.2) |
| Cause of ESKD | ||||
| Diabetic nephropathy, n (%) | 7 (22) | 3 (15) | 1 (6.2) | 4 (33.3) |
| IgA nephropathy, n (%) | 2 (6.2) | 2 (10) | 5 (31.2) | 1 (8.3) |
| PCKD, n (%) | 3 (9.4) | 5 (25) | 3 (18.7) | 2 (16.6) |
| Vasculitis, n (%) | 3 (9.4) | 0 (0) | 1 (6.2) | 0 (0) |
| FSGS, n (%) | 2 (6.2) | 2 (10) | 1 (6.2) | 1 (8.3) |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 1 (8.3) |
| SLE, n (%) | 2 (6.2) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| TMA, n (%) | 2 (6.2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Unknown, n (%) | 3 (9.4) | 4 (20) | 0 (0) | 2 (16.6) |
| Other, n (%) | 7 (22) | 3 (15) | 5 (31.2) | 1 (8.3) |
| Preexisting autoimmune,a n (%) | 10 (31) | 3 (15) | 3 (19) | 0 (0) |
| Renal replacement therapy | 31 (97) | 16 (80) | 14 (87.5) | 12 (100) |
| Intermittent hemodialysis, n (%) | 29 (90.6) | 11 (55) | 10 (62.5) | 11 (91.6) |
| Peritoneal dialysis, n (%) | 2 (6.2) | 5 (25) | 4 (25) | 1 (8.3) |
| Preemptive, n (%) | 1 (3) | 4 (20) | 2 (12.5) | 0 (0) |
| Prior desensitization, n (%) | 12 (37.5) | 3 (15) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Rituximab, n (%) | 2 (6.2) | 2 (10) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Kidney transplant, donor type | ||||
| Living donor, n (%) | 14 (44) | 9 (45) | 9 (56.2) | 3 (25) |
| Deceased donor, n (%) | 18 (56.2) | 11 (55) | 7 (43.7) | 9 (75) |
| Induction therapy | ||||
| Thymoglobulin, n (%) | 30 (94) | 16 (80) | 11 (68.8) | 12 (100) |
| Basiliximab, n (%) | 2 (6.2) | 3 (15) | 5 (31.2) | 0 (0) |
| Unknown, n (%) | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Maintenance therapy, n (%) | ||||
| Prednisone | 32 (100) | 20 (100) | 16 (100) | 12 (100) |
| Antiproliferative | 31 (97) | 20 (100) | 16 (100) | 12 (100) |
| Calcineurin Inhibitor | 32 (100) | 20 (100) | 16 (100) | 12 (100) |
| ABO incompatible, n (%) | 1 (3) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Delayed graft function, n (%) | 14 (44) | 3 (15) | 4 (25) | 2 (16.6) |
| Primary nonfunction, n (%) | 2 (6.2) | 1 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| DSA, current or historic | ||||
| Any DSA | 25 (78) | 18 (90) | 0 (0) | 4 (33.3) |
| Class I, n (%) | 16 (50) | 8 (40) | 0 (0) | 4 (33.3) |
| Class II, n (%) | 21 (66) | 17 (85) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Unknown, n (%) | 1 (3) | 1 (5) | 1 (6.2) | 1 (8.3) |
aAutoimmune conditions included: primary sclerosing cholangitis (n = 1), inflammatory bowel disease (n = 4), ANCA-vasculitis (n = 4), SLE (n = 3), hypo/hyperthyroidism (n = 6), and diabetes type I (n = 3).
DSA, donor-specific antibodies; ESKD, end-stage kidney disease; FSGS, focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis; IQR, interquartile range; n, number; PCKD, polycystic kidney disease; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus; TMA, thrombotic microangiopathy.