Table 11. Robustness test results.

Variable	Dependent variable: total factor productivity (TFP)
	elasticity of capital output a is 0.5	elasticity of capital output a is 0.7	Entropy method to determine the weight	Equality method to determine the weight
Estimation method	FGLS
DEI	0.3029***	0.4569***	0.4267***	0.3279***
	(3.89)	(5.68)	(3.12)	(4.05)
TP	0.2128***	0.3036***	0.1409***	0.2026***
	(2.88)	(5.51)	(3.18)	(5.27)
TD	0.0456***	0.0688***	0.1022***	0.0855***
	(1.88)	(3.96)	(3.24)	(2.24)
FD	0.0519***	0.0692***	0.0456***	0.0622***
	(1.95)	(3.37)	(1.24)	(3.25)
IS	0.0218**	0.0536**	0.0749**	0.0618**
	(2.21)	(2.97)	(2.93)	(1.15)
OPEN	0.0921**	0.1519**	0.0824**	0.1298**
	(2.14)	(3.54)	(1.96)	(2.07)
RD	-0.0732**	-0.1926**	-0.0967***	-0.0876***
	(2.64)	(-1.58)	(-2.58)	(-2.69)
constant	17.9625***	19.6258***	15.0638***	12.3567***
	(6.25)	(12.02)	(11.58)	(9.70)
Wald	1253.24	1389.07	1104.25	956.12
N	150	150	150	150