Table 2. Baseline characteristics of included population in ECG interval analysis.
| Study reference | Ndiaye and colleagues 2011 [38] | Ogutu and colleagues 2014 [22] | Siqueira and colleagues 2017 [21] | WANECAM 2018 [23] | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drug arm | ASAQ | AL | ASAQ | ASAQ | CQ | ASAQ | AL | DP | PA |
| Number of Individuals | 75 | 73 | 54 | 179 | 175 | 417 | 426 | 716 | 566 |
| Age (years) | |||||||||
| Median (IQR) | 19.7 (13.0 to 18.0) | 16.0 (14.0 to 20.0) | 24.0 (19.0 to 32.0) | 37.4 (25.1 to 50.9) | 35.8 (28.5 to 47.7) | 7.7 (5.0 to 11.4) | 8.6 (5.0 to 13.2) | 8.1 (5.1 to 11.3) | 9.0 (5.5 to 13.6) |
| <12 | 1 (1.3%) | 1 (1.4%) | 0 | 2 (1.1%) | 1 (0.6%) | 335 (80.3%) | 298 (70.0%) | 567 (79.2%) | 375 (66.3%) |
| 0.5 to <2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11 (2.6%) | 10 (2.3%) | 18 (2.5%) | 7 (1.2%) |
| 2 to <5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 95 (22.8%) | 90 (21.1%) | 150 (20.9%) | 99 (17.5%) |
| 5 to <12 | 1 (1.3%) | 1 (1.4%) | 0 | 2 (1.1%) | 1 (0.6%) | 229 (54.9%) | 198 (46.5%) | 399 (55.7%) | 269 (47.5%) |
| ≥12 | 74 (98.7%) | 72 (98.6%) | 54 (100%) | 177 (98.9%) | 174 (99.4%) | 82 (19.7%) | 128 (30.0%) | 149 (20.8%) | 191 (33.7%) |
| 12 to <18 | 52 (69.3%) | 45 (61.6%) | 0 | 18 (10.0%) | 14 (8.0%) | 71 (17.0%) | 97 (22.8%) | 116 (16.2%) | 122 (21.6%) |
| 18 to <35 | 9 (12.0%) | 21 (28.8%) | 43 (79.6%) | 62 (34.6%) | 64 (36.6%) | 8 (1.9%) | 22 (5.2%) | 25 (3.5%) | 53 (9.4%) |
| 35 to <50 | 11 (14.7%) | 4 (5.5%) | 8 (14.8%) | 50 (28.2%) | 62 (35.4%) | 3 (0.7%) | 6 (1.4%) | 6 (0.8%) | 14 (2.5%) |
| ≥50 | 2 (2.7%) | 2 (2.7%) | 3 (5.6%) | 47 (26.3%) | 34 (19.4%) | 0 | 3 (0.7%) | 2 (0.3%) | 2 (0.4%) |
| Weight (kg) | |||||||||
| Median (IQR) | 40.1 (33.3 to 52.8) | 48.6 (32.4 to 56.8) | 59.0 (53.0 to 62.0) | 71.0 (61.1 to 80.5) | 72.0 (61.7 to 82.0) | 20.7 (15.9 to 28.2) | 22.5 (16.2 to 34.2) | 22.0 (16.1 to 30.7) | 24.3 (17.2 to 41.6) |
| Sex | |||||||||
| Female | 33 (44.0%) | 32 (43.8%) | 29 (53.7%) | 46 (25.7%) | 42 (24.0%) | 190 (45.6%) | 208 (48.8%) | 348 (48.6%) | 291 (51.4%) |
| Male | 42 (56.0%) | 41 (56.2%) | 25 (46.3%) | 133 (74.3%) | 133 (76.0%) | 227 (54.4%) | 218 (51.2%) | 368 (51.4%) | 275 (48.6%) |
| Temperature (°C) | |||||||||
| Median (IQR) | 37.5 (37.0 to 38.8) | 37.7 (36.7 to 39.0) | 37.7 (37.1 to 38.6) | 37.7 (36.7 to 38.7) | 37.4 (36.7 to 38.5) | 38.1 (37.3 to 38.9) | 38.2 (37.4 to 39.1) | 38.2 (37.3 to 39.0) | 38.2 (37.3 to 39.1) |
| ≥37.5 | 39 (52.0%) | 39 (53.4%) | 35 (64.8%) | 104 (58.1%) | 87 (49.7%) | 298 (71.5%) | 311 (73.0%) | 515 (71.9%) | 402 (71.0%) |
| Parasitaemia (parasites/μL) | |||||||||
| Median (IQR) | 12,677 (4,835 to 40,263) | 15,813 (5,537 to 32,045) | 17,181 (5,317 to 25,876) | 1,978 (836 to 3,739) | 1,764 (819 to 3,373) | 12,940 (840 to 37,160) | 24,980 (4,380 to 67,530) | 15,680 (1,280 to 41,640) | 18,170 (1,695 to 51,870) |
| >10,000 to 50,000 | 29 (38.7%) | 33 (45.2%) | 24 (44.4%) | 15 (8.4%) | 4 (2.3%) | 153 (36.7%) | 150 (35.2%) | 269 (37.6%) | 195 (34.5%) |
| >50,000 to 100,000 | 9 (12.0%) | 12 (16.4%) | 6 (11.1%) | 0 | 0 | 45 (10.8%) | 71 (16.7%) | 84 (11.7%) | 92 (16.3%) |
| >100,000 to 250,000 | 6 (8.0%) | 0 | 1 (1.9%) | 0 | 0 | 29 (7.0%)) | 64 (15.0%) | 54 (7.5%) | 60 (10.6%) |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | |||||||||
| Median (IQR) | 12.5 (11.7 to 13.7) | 12.1 (11.1 to 13.6) | 13.2 (11.9 to 14.8) | 13.5 (12.4 to 14.8) | 13.6 (12.5 to 14.5) | 10.5 (9.6 to 11.3) | 10.7 (9.7 to 11.6) | 10.6 (9.6 to 11.5) | 10.8 (9.8 to 11.8) |
| <8 | 0 | 1 (1.4%) | 0 | 0 | 1 (0.6%) | 17 (4.1%) | 15 (3.5%) | 41 (5.7%) | 26 (4.6%) |
| Heart rate (bpm) | |||||||||
| Mean (SD) | 94.9 (19.2) | 95.8 (21.9) | 91.7 (15.7)a | 90.3 (21.3) | 88.4 (19.1) | 109.1 (22.0) | 108.8 (22.0) | 108.9 (21.6) | 106.0 (22.8) |
| ≥140 | 1 (1.3%) | 2 (2.7%) | 0 | 2 (1.1%)b | 1 (0.6%)b | 37 (8.9%) | 36 (8.5%) | 57 (8.0%) | 45 (8.0%) |
| 120 to <140 | 5 (6.7%) | 10 (13.7%) | 2 (3.8%)a | 17 (9.6%) | 6 (3.5%)b | 99 (23.7%) | 96 (22.5%) | 169 (23.6%) | 119 (21.0%) |
| 100 to <120 | 27 (36.0%) | 15 (20.5%) | 17 (32.1%)a | 42 (23.7%)b | 39 (22.3%)b | 138 (33.1%) | 149 (35.0%) | 248 (34.6%) | 174 (30.7%) |
| 80 to <100 | 23 (30.7%) | 26 (35.6%) | 21 (39.6%)a | 56 (31.6%)b | 69 (39.9%)b | 110 (26.4%) | 105 (24.6%) | 177 (24.7%) | 154 (27.2%) |
| 60 to <80 | 17 (22.7%) | 18 (24.7%) | 13 (24.5%)a | 51 (28.8%)b | 49 (28.3%)b | 29 (7.0%) | 38 (8.9%) | 57 (8.0%) | 70 (12.4%) |
| <60 | 2 (2.7%) | 2 (2.7%) | 0 | 9 (5.1%)b | 9 (5.2%)b | 4 (1.0%) | 2 (0.5%) | 8 (1.1%) | 4 (0.7%) |
a One participant had a missing baseline heart rate.
b Two participants had missing baseline heart rates.
AL, artemether–lumefantrine; ASAQ, artesunate–amodiaquine; bpm, beats per minute; CQ, chloroquine; DP, dihydroartemisinin–piperaquine; ECG, electrocardiogram; IQR, interquartile range; PA, pyronaridine–artesunate; SD, standard deviation.