Table 2. Baseline characteristics of participants across increasing quartiles of cholesterol efflux capacity–fluorescent.
| Cholesterol Efflux Capacity–Fluorescent | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Q1 (N = 560) | Q2 (N = 560) | Q3 (N = 561) | Q4 (N = 560) | ǂP Value for Trend (Two-sided) |
| Cholesterol efflux capacity | 0·56 ± 0·11 | 0·77 ± 0·05 | 0·92 ± 0·04 | 1·14 ± 0·15 | <0·001 |
| Demographics/Traditional Cardiovascular Risk Factors | |||||
| Age (year) | 50 ± 11 | 49 ± 11 | 49 ± 11 | 50 ± 11 | 0·795 |
| Male (%) | 40 | 36 | 38 | 40 | 0·747 |
| Metabolic syndrome (%) | 42 | 37 | 37 | 38 | 0·170 |
| Post-menopausal (%) | 35 | 32 | 34 | 32 | 0·570 |
| Race/Ethnicity (%) | |||||
| Black | 55 | 54 | 53 | 50 | 0·147 |
| White | 31 | 29 | 29 | 30 | 0·913 |
| Hispanic | 12 | 15 | 15 | 18 | 0·015 |
| History of cardiovascular disease (%) | 10 | 8 | 9 | 8 | 0·346 |
| History of diabetes (%) | 17 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 0·977 |
| Antihypertensive medication use (%) | 42 | 33 | 36 | 36 | 0·120 |
| Statin use (%) | 20 | 16 | 18 | 16 | 0·261 |
| Current smoker (%) | 23 | 23 | 22 | 24 | 0·968 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 133 ± 20 | 132 ± 21 | 133 ± 19 | 134 ± 21 | 0·172 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81 ± 10 | 81 ± 10 | 81 ± 9 | 81± 9 | 0·337 |
| Cardiometabolic Variables | |||||
| Current drinker (%) | 67 | 66 | 73 | 72 | 0·032 |
| Physical activity (activity count >1500 per min/day)* | 28·0 (14·0, 50·7) | 28·2 (14·3, 51·5) | 28·4 (14·3, 54·9) | 28·5 (13·6, 53·7) | 0·837 |
| Body mass index (kg/m 2 ) | 31·8 ± 7·4 | 31·4 ±7·7 | 31·2 ± 7·4 | 30·4 ± 7·3 | <0·001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 98·9 ± 16·4 | 97·2 ± 16·7 | 96·9 ± 17·0 | 95·6 ± 16·3 | 0·001 |
| Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)* | 95 (88, 103) | 93 (87, 101) | 94 (87, 103) | 94 (87, 103) | 0·797 |
| Insulin (uIU/mL) * | 13·1 (8·5, 19·9) | 13·0 (8·7, 20·8) | 12·9 (8·7, 20·7) | 11·4 (7·9, 17·6) | 0·005 |
| Hemoglobin A1c (%) | 5·8 ± 1·1 | 5·8 ± 1·2 | 5·8 ± 1·1 | 5·8 ± 1·3 | 0·209 |
| Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance * | 3·1 (1·9, 5·0) | 3·1 (1·9, 5·2) | 3·1 (1·9, 5·3) | 2·8 (1·8, 4·5) | 0·036 |
| Lipids | |||||
| Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 185 ± 37 | 187 ± 36 | 195 ± 41 | 202 ± 39 | <0·001 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL) * | 97 (70, 132) | 100 (72, 135) | 100 (74, 143) | 110 (79, 162) | <0·001 |
| Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) * | 19 (14, 26) | 20 (14, 27) | 20 (15, 28) | 22 (16, 32) | <0·001 |
| Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) | 112 ± 34 | 112 ± 34 | 118 ± 37 | 120 ± 37 | <0·001 |
| High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (mg/dL) | 50 ± 14 | 52 ± 13 | 54 ± 16 | 55 ± 16 | <0·001 |
Data reported as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or percentage. Q1, first quartile; Q2, second quartile; Q3, third quartile; Q4, fourth quartile.
*Non-normally distributed variable.
ǂTest for intergroup differences performed using Jonckheere–Terpstra trend test.
Bolded variables represent significant associations.