. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 1.

Published in final edited form as: Cancer Epidemiol. 2021 Jul 19;74:101978. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2021.101978

Table 1.

Baseline characteristics of Strong Heart Study participants (n=3516), 1989–1991

Center
Arizona, %	13.3%
Oklahoma, %	43.4%
North and South Dakota, %	43.3%
Age (years), mean (SD)	56.4 (8.1)
Sex
Women, %	58.5%
Men, %	41.5%
Highest education completed, %
11^th grade or less	42.0%
High school graduate/GED or more	58.0%
Smoking history
Current cigarette smoker, %	38.2%
Former cigarette smoker, %	32.8%
Current alcohol user, %	42.0%
Weight status
Not obese (BMI < 30 kg/m²)	51.4%
Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m²⁾, %	48.6%
Waist circumference (cm), mean (SD)	104.0 (14.2)
Total cholesterol (mg/dL), mean (SD)	195.5 (39.5)
Triglyceride (mg/dL), median (Q1, Q3)	119.0 (82,171)
Albuminuria, %	24.3%
Urinary cadmium (mcg/g of creatinine), mean (SD)	1.30 (2.04)
Diabetes mellitus, %	43.6%
Hypertension, %	37.7%
Cancer history, %	5.9%

Abbreviations: BMI, Body Mass Index; GED, General Equivalency Degree; mcg/g, microgram per gram; SD, standard deviation