. 2021 Mar 25;49(9):2260–2272. doi: 10.1007/s10439-021-02757-4

Table 3.

Table of significance.

	Muscle group	Warning type	Estimated means				Type vs type	p-value
	Muscle group	Warning type	Back	Front	Right	Left	Type vs type	Back	Front	Right	Left
EMG_(Imp) (%MVC)	Retraction	Startle (S)	26.3	33.4	42.6	29.3	SN	0.745	0.801	0.120	0.498
		Non-directional (N)	28.0	35.1	31.1	34.1	SD	0.141	0.011	0.001	0.166
		Directional (D)	19.9	21.3	19.7	22.2	ND	0.006	0.007	0.006	0.011
	Rebound	Startle (S)	45.9	18.3	32.6	27.5	SN	0.100	0.029	0.500	0.100
		Non-directional (N)	34.2	31.4	28.6	38.0	SD	0.006	0.844	0.001	0.006
		Directional (D)	27.6	19.2	13.4	13.7	ND	0.128	0.014	0.001	0.001
T_{(Post-Imp-Max)} (ms)	Retraction	Unwarned (U)	183.8	181.6	186.3	167.5	US	0.001	0.092	0.007	0.173
		Startle (S)	106.1	149.1	141.6	144.6	UN	0.001	0.003	0.001	0.179
		Non-directional (N)	139.7	118.9	149.7	146.4	UD	0.001	0.028	0.001	0.006
		Directional (D)	126.3	155.9	136.3	138.6	SN	0.090	0.226	0.662	0.923
							SD	0.267	0.749	0.753	0.741
							ND	0.292	0.070	0.151	0.612
	Rebound	Unwarned (U)	205.4	197.5	212.9	197.1	US	0.001	0.012	0.002	0.019
		Startle (S)	106.8	155.1	152.3	152.7	UN	0.014	0.155	0.022	0.002
		Non-directional (N)	159.5	170.2	183.0	141.2	UD	0.001	0.003	0.001	0.001
		Directional (D)	148.9	165.3	150.7	145.9	SN	0.067	0.560	0.12	0.635
							SD	0.116	0.579	0.923	0.742
							ND	0.580	0.821	0.003	0.794
EMG_{(Post-Imp-Max)} (%MVC)	Retraction	Unwarned (U)	50.2	44.7	48.2	31.8	US	0.579	0.015	0.001	0.003
		Startle (S)	53.8	63.8	80.1	52.4	UN	0.092	0.001	0.005	0.015
		Non-directional (N)	57.2	74.5	65.7	54.2	UD	0.566	0.058	0.844	0.173
		Directional (D)	48.0	54.0	49.2	32.7	SN	0.612	0.310	0.120	0.560
							SD	0.320	0.214	0.001	0.015
							ND	0.017	0.015	0.002	0.090
	Rebound	Unwarned(U)	53.6	23.4	39.3	36.0	US	0.009	0.001	0.011	0.003
		Startle (S)	71.4	51.0	73.7	56.9	UN	0.001	0.005	0.001	0.001
		Non-Directional (N)	69.7	50.3	65.1	63.6	UD	0.561	0.010	0.844	0.158
		Directional (D)	56.1	36.9	48.8	42.0	SN	0.833	0.946	0.833	0.442
							SD	0.019	0.090	0.009	0.018
							ND	0.002	0.154	0.001	0.001

On the left side, the measurement outcomes, EMG at the time of Impact (EMG_(Imp)), Post-Impact EMG Time T_{(Post-Imp-Max)} and Post Impact EMG amplitude EMG_{(Post-Imp-Max)} for retraction muscles and Rebound muscles are listed. The estimated mean from the linear mixed model and the following pairwise analysis tested between the types within the directions are reported. p-values are corrected using Benjamini–Hochberg method and p-value < 0.05 considered as significant