Fig. 2. Forecasting a dynamical system using the NG-RC.

True (a) and predicted (e) Lorenz63 strange attractors. b–d Training data set with overlayed predicted behavior with α = 2.5 × 10⁻⁶. The normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE) over one Lyapunov time during the training phase is 1.06 ± 0.01 × 10⁻⁴, where the uncertainty is the standard error of the mean. f–h True (blue) and predicted datasets during the forecasting phase (NRMSE = 2.40 ± 0.53 × 10⁻³).