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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Mar 1.
Published in final edited form as: Psychol Addict Behav. 2021 Mar 22;36(2):157–176. doi: 10.1037/adb0000699

Table 2.

Students’ Cannabis Consumption, and Receptiveness to Various Treatment Options, by Sex

TOTAL (N = 290) MEN (n = 108) WOMEN (n = 182) Sex differences
Cannabis Usea n % M SD - - missc n % M SD - - missc n % M SD - - missc t df
 Age at first use - - 16.43 1.56 - - 2 - - 16.24 1.75 - - 2 - - 16.54 1.44 - - 0 −1.53 186.46
 Past-year Frequency of Use - - 5.31 3.56 - - 3 - - 6.77 3.86 - - 2 - - 4.45 3.07 - - 1 5.30 *** 182.59
 CUDIT Total Scoreb - - 6.95 5.96 - - 9 - - 8.79 6.33 - - 5 - - 5.78 5.41 - - 4 4.14 *** 265
TOTAL (N = 317) MEN (n = 118) WOMEN (n = 199) Sex differencesg
Interest in Changing Usec χ2 df
 If wanted to change my cannabis use, I’d be open to (select all): 0 0 0
  Strategies to help cut down 162 51% - - - - - 60 51% - - - - - 102 51% - - - - - 0.05 1
  Strategies to stop using all together 87 27% - - - - - 30 25% - - - - - 57 29% - - - - - 0.29 1
  Another option 8 3% - - - - - 3 3% - - - - - 5 3% - - - - - 0.001 1
  None of these 115 36% - - - - - 47 40% - - - - - 68 34% - - - - - 1.26 1
All studentsf Receptive studentsf All studentsf Receptive studentsf All studentsf Receptive studentsf
Receptiveness to Treatment Optionsd,e n % M SD M SD missc n % M SD M SD missc n % M SD M SD missc t df
Self-help 178 56% - - - - 1 54 46% - - - - 1 124 62% - - - - 0
  self-help book 95 30% 2.44 1.66 4.76 0.77 1 34 29% 2.36 1.71 4.79 0.84 1 61 31% 2.48 1.64 4.74 0.73 0 −0.64 314
  self-help blog/informational website 119 38% 2.63 1.73 4.69 0.73 2 41 35% 2.41 1.69 4.62 0.78 2 80 40% 2.75 1.75 4.73 0.71 0 −1.68 313
  computer-based self-help program (guided/developed professional)by mental health 111 35% 2.57 1.69 4.68 0.72 1 31 26% 2.29 1.62 4.74 0.73 1 80 40% 2.73 1.71 4.65 0.71 0 2.27* 314
  smartphone applications 116 37% 2.67 1.68 4.67 0.74 2 31 26% 2.31 1.59 4.68 0.79 1 85 43% 2.89 1.70 4.67 0.73 1 3.00** 313
  self-help group 103 33% 2.59 1.67 4.77 0.72 3 32 28% 2.44 1.65 4.81 0.78 2 71 36% 2.68 1.69 4.75 0.69 1 −1.21 312
Remote/Telehealth Options 136 43% - - - - 1 38 32% - - - - 1 98 49% - - - - 0
  text messaging therapy services 93 29% 2.40 1.63 4.69 0.72 1 25 21% 2.10 1.47 4.60 0.76 1 68 34% 2.57 1.69 4.72 0.71 0 2.50* 314
  remote/teletherapy 78 25% 2.32 1.55 4.73 0.73 3 25 21% 2.14 1.47 4.64 0.81 1 53 27% 2.44 1.59 4.77 0.70 2 −1.66 312
  personalized feedback via online format (education and PFI) 91 29% 2.44 1.63 4.76 0.78 2 30 26% 2.24 1.54 4.57 0.77 1 61 31% 2.57 1.68 4.85 0.77 1 −1.72 313
Individual Therapy/Group Approaches (in-person) 170 54% - - - - 3 56 48% - - - - 2 114 58% - - - - 1
  on-campus groups with therapist 76 24% 2.34 1.59 4.86 0.74 4 29 25% 2.38 1.61 4.86 0.74 3 47 24% 2.31 1.58 4.85 0.75 1 0.4 311
  on-campus individual therapy 121 39% 2.84 1.80 4.93 0.71 4 41 35% 2.78 1.80 4.98 0.76 2 80 41% 2.88 1.81 4.90 0.69 2 −0.48 311
  off-campus groups with therapist 89 29% 2.48 1.63 4.79 0.73 5 28 25% 2.36 1.57 4.75 0.75 4 61 31% 2.55 1.66 4.80 0.73 1 −1.00 310
  off-campus individual therapy 144 46% 3.06 1.80 4.85 0.72 4 48 41% 2.84 1.80 4.77 0.81 2 96 49% 3.19 1.80 4.89 0.67 2 −1.69 311
Informal Workshops/Harm Reduction 132 42% - - - - 1 40 34% - - - - 1 92 46% - - - - 0
  on-campus workshop about reducing risky cannabis use 66 21% 2.22 1.49 4.77 0.72 2 27 23% 2.25 1.55 4.74 0.76 2 39 20% 2.20 1.46 4.79 0.70 0 0.28 313
  ride share program through campus 123 39% 2.81 1.84 4.93 0.80 1 34 29% 2.43 1.73 4.85 0.86 1 89 45% 3.04 1.87 4.97 0.78 0 2.90** 314
Medication 84 27% - - 4 27 23% - - 1 57 29% - - - - 2
  medication by injection 43 14% 1.75 1.34 4.79 0.77 4 15 13% 1.65 1.29 4.73 0.70 2 28 14% 1.81 1.36 4.82 0.82 2 −1.03 311
  medication on days when I might use cannabis 65 21% 2.02 1.54 4.75 0.77 6 22 19% 1.94 1.54 4.82 0.80 3 43 22% 2.07 1.54 4.72 0.77 3 −0.70 309
  daily medication 53 17% 1.92 1.47 4.89 0.75 4 20 17% 1.88 1.54 5.00 0.73 2 33 17% 1.94 1.44 4.82 0.77 2 −0.38 311
Medical Provider Appointment - - - -
  appointment with primary care/family doctor 125 40% 2.84 1.74 4.77 0.74 3 46 40% 2.86 1.79 4.85 0.82 2 79 40% 2.82 1.71 4.72 0.70 1 0.19 312
Peer/Family Interactions 159 50% - - - - 1 56 48% - - - - 1 103 52% - - - - 0
  talk with my friends 117 37% 2.7 1.68 4.69 0.71 2 37 32% 2.48 1.66 4.68 0.78 1 80 40% 2.84 1.68 4.7 0.68 1 −1.84 313
  talk with my family 107 34% 2.66 1.66 4.75 0.7 2 35 30% 2.45 1.65 4.71 0.79 1 72 36% 2.78 1.65 4.76 0.66 1 −1.69 313
  social networking sites/forums (peer-to-peer) 127 40% 2.82 1.72 4.74 0.69 1 41 35% 2.67 1.73 4.78 0.76 1 86 43% 2.91 1.72 4.73 0.66 0 −1.21 314
  talk with my RA 39 12% 1.83 1.29 4.79 0.76 2 17 15% 1.91 1.34 4.7 0.85 1 22 11% 1.77 1.26 4.86 0.71 1 0.95 313
  talk with peer support leader in a club/organization 52 17% 2.03 1.42 4.85 0.72 4 21 18% 2.09 1.47 4.86 0.85 1 31 16% 1.99 1.4 4.84 0.64 3 0.57 311

Note.

a

A subset of participants answered these items (given late addition of measures). All participants in this subset endorsed current or past cannabis use.

b

N = 267 (total); N = 104 (men); N = 163 (women). CUDIT sum scores calculated for those with past year cannabis use and no missing CUDIT items.

c

Missing column reflects missing datapoints due to participants electing to skip that item. Denominators for percentages account for this.

d

Items administered to all participants that endorsed current or past cannabis use.

e

Frequency represents scores of ‘somewhat’ to ‘strongly’ agree and Mean represents average of full response scale (i.e., 1–6).

f

“All Students” = M, SD for all students that reported cannabis use. “Receptive Students” = M, SD among those that were receptive (i.e., scoring ≥4 on receptiveness scale).

g

Sex differences reflect differences between the “all students” for men and women.

*

p < 0.05

**

p < 0.01

***

p < 0.001