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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neurosci Res. 2021 Mar 22;100(8):1573–1584. doi: 10.1002/jnr.24826

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Glutamate levels (μM ± SEM) in the IPN of female (control n = 6; nicotine-treated n = 6) and male (control n = 6; nicotine-treated n = 6) rats. The top panels reflect raw dialysate levels and the bottom panel reflects percentchange in nicotine-treated female and male rats relative to their respective controls. Each point reflects a 20-min sampling period during baseline and then following mecamylamine administration to precipitate withdrawal (shaded area). Asterisks (*) denote a difference from controls (p ≤ 0.05)