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. 2021 Sep 8;12:754976. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.754976

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

FA suppresses LPS-induced macrophage activation in RAW cells. (A) Relative hepatic mRNA levels of Il1b, F4/80 and Cd11b were determined by qPCR and normalized using Hprt1 as an internal control in mice. (B) A CCK-8 assay. (C) RAW cells were pre-treated with FA at different concentrations for 1 h and then treated with LPS (100 ng/ml) for another 4 h. (D, E) RAW cells were treated with 100 μM FA at different time points. (F, H) After treated with CC (10 μM) or FA (100 μM) or both, RAW cells were administrated with LPS for another 4 h. (G) The pathway of AMPK and NF-κB involved in inflammation. (D-F and H) Representative immunoblots against p-AMPK, t-AMPK, p-ERK1/2, t-ERK1/2, p-LKB1, t-LKB1, P50, P65, β-ACTIN and LAMIN B were shown. Statistical significance: *p < 0.05, ***p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, compared with control group; # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, compared with LPS group. One-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post-hoc tests (n = 3).