Table 1.
Clinical features of patients with COVID-19 according to disease severity.
| Variable | Mild/moderate Median (IQR) N = 34 | Severe Median (IQR) N = 51 | Critical Median (IQR) N = 36 | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Demographic features | ||||
| Female (%) | 44.2 | 39.3 | 16.7 | |
| Male (%) | 55.80 | 60.70 | 83.30 | |
| Age (years) | 34.00 (27.25-43.00) | 48.00 (42.00-60.50) | 54.50 (46.75-60.75) | <0.001 |
| Comorbidities (Number) | 0 (0-0) | 1 (1-2) | 1 (1-2) | <0.001 |
| Clinical features | ||||
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.73 (24.90-29.10) | 29.60 (27.35-32.68) | 30.30 (27.45-34.12) | <0.001 |
| Mean Arterial pressure (mmHg) | 93.30 (85.25-100.00) | 94.60 (84.80-101.50) | 90.30 (82.72-100.00) | 0.60 |
| Heart rate (beats per minute) | 92.00 (79.00-105.02) | 105.00 (92.5-117.00) | 113.5 (98.00-128.20) | <0.001 |
| Respiratory rate (breaths per minute) | 18.00 (16.00-20.00) | 24.00 (20.00-30.00) | 36.00 (30.00-42.00) | <0.001 |
| Oxygen saturation (SpO2, %) | 95.00 (95.00-94.00) | 88.00 (84.00-90.50) | 64.00 (53.50-82.25) | <0.001 |
| Temperature (°C) | 37.00 (36.50-37.50) | 37.00 (36.50-37.50) | 37.10 (36.2-37.52) | 0.59 |
| Laboratory parameters | ||||
| Leukocytes (cells/mm3) | 7356.00 (5200.00-7912.00) | 7300 (5250-10450) | 10700.00 (7700.00-13075) | <0.001 |
| Total lymphocytes (cells/mm3) | 1478.88 (1157.25-1678.40) | 837.00 (530.50-1143.50) | 695.00 (503.00-977.00) | <0.001 |
| Total neutrophils (cells/mm3) | 3715.00 (3303-3715) | 6042 (3919-8568) | 9158.00 (6896.00-11390) | <0.001 |
| Total monocytes (cells/mm3) | 395.00 (395.00-480.80) | 478 (303.50-644.50) | 532.5 (377.20-663.50) | 0.14 |
| NT/LT ratio | 2.50 (2.10-4.27) | 8.50 (4.23-12.89) | 12.27 (6.88-19.34) | <0.001 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 16.35 (16.35-16.35) | 15.5 (14.20-16.35) | 14.55 (11.55-16.12) | <0.001 |
| Platelets (x103 cells/mm3) | 217.80 (217.80-217.80) | 212.00 (176.00-262.50) | 250.00 (198.80-345.00) | 0.032 |
| Glucose (mg/dL) | 100.13 (96.18-106.54) | 111.00 (101.5-125.50) | 147.00 (113.20-199.50) | <0.001 |
| Blood Urea Nitrogen (mg/dL) | 12.09 (11.74-13.11) | 13.30 (10.00-19.65) | 21.90 (13.50-31.68) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.88 (0.86-0.89) | 0.94 (0.78-1.16) | 0.95 (0.70-1.23) | 0.57 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 137.80 (137.20-138.00) | 136.00 (134.00-139.00) | 136.00 (133.00-139.00) | 0.062 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.06 (4.04-4.09) | 4.02 (3.69-4.38) | 4.11 (3.63-4.53) | 0.72 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (U/L) | 23.00 (18.10-32.00) | 37.10 (26.95-64.35) | 45.80 (32.27-63,70) | <0.001 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (U/L) | 31.45 (24.71-36.89) | 38.3 (23.65-59.00) | 38.40 (26.30-63.58) | 0.025 |
| Alkaline phosphatase (U/L) | 80.43 (77.99-85.76) | 85.00 (68.00-112.00) | 95 (76.75-130.00) | 0.031 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.56 (0.33-0.62) | 0.62 (0.50-0.79) | 0.71 (0.42-1.03) | 0.055 |
| Direct bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.13 (0.08-0.15) | 0.18 (0.13-0.21) | 0.71 (0.42-1.03) | 0.001 |
| Indirect bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.42 (0.26-0.47) | 0.45 (0.35-0.58) | 0.46 (0.28-0.67) | 0.31 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 4.55 (4.39-4.60) | 3.80 (3.53-4.19) | 3.12 (2.80-3.45) | <0.001 |
| Globulins (g/dL) | 2.99 (2.96-3.04) | 3.21 (2.88-3.53) | 3.03 (2.75-3.27) | 0.058 |
| C reactive protein (mg/dL) | 2.08 (0.96-4.21) | 9.43 (6.04-14.24) | 18.36 (8.93-26.72) | <0.001 |
| Ferritin (ng/dL) | 237.03 (200.20-334.80) | 464.00 (241.50-757.00) | 781.5 (431.80-1167.00) | <0.001 |
| Troponin I (pg/mL) | 2.80 (2.08-3.55) | 5.10 (3.10-7.20) | 14.80 (5.97-89.00) | <0.001 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (U/L) | 195.5 (180.4-217.50) | 344.00 (277.50-440.5) | 518.5 (350.5-1115.00) | <0.001 |
| Creatine phosphokinase (U/L) | 89.56 (80.44-114.50) | 141.00 (54.00-237.00) | 155.00 (97.25-576.25) | 0.006 |
| D Dimer (ng/mL) | 349.60 (312.90-417.80) | 529.00 (417.00-933.50) | 1375.00 (1070.00-2509.00) | <0.001 |
| Thrombin time (Seconds) | 10.40 (10.40-10.65) | 12.50 (11.65-13.25) | 12.25 (11.50-13.38) | <0.001 |
| Thromboplastin time (Seconds) | 29.9 (29.9-29.9) | 32.70 (30.45-34.50) | 32.75 (28.90-38.40) | <0.001 |
| International Normalized Ratio | 1.06 (1.06-1.06) | 1.10 (1.00-1.14) | 1.10 (1.00-1.20) | 0.019 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 370.20 (355.80421.00) | 615.00 (460.50-723.00) | 645.00 (540.00-808.00) | <0.001 |
| Arterial blood gases | ||||
| pH | 7.46 (7.46-7.46) | 7.46 (7.44-7.48) | 7.44 (7.38-7.47) | 0.0346 |
| PaCO2 (mmHg) | 28.92 (28.92-28.92) | 30.75 (28.35-32.20) | 31.40 (28.93-39.10) | 0.001 |
| HCO3 (mmHg) | 20.34 (20.34-20.34) | 21.70 (20.00-22.70) | 21.70 (18.95-25.62) | 0.006 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | 1.14 (1.14-1.14) | 1.2 (1.00-1.60) | 1.85 (1.47-2.65) | <0.001 |
| PaFi | 304.80 (304.80-304.80) | 247.00 (221.00-296.50) | 102.50 (86.50-166.80 | <0.001 |
| Anion Gap (mmol/L) | 14.70 (14.70-14.70) | 14.00 (12.90-15.45) | 14.10 (12.10-16.25) | 0.13 |