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. 2021 Sep 8;8:737720. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.737720

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Copyright © 2021 Apostolakos, Laconi, Mughini-Gras, Yapicier and Piccirillo.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Maximum-likelihood SNP-based phylogeny of APEC whole-genome sequences. Nodes' shape and color indicate the broiler production stage and production chain, respectively. The left, colored ribbon specifies the hierBAPS clusters. The right ribbon with alternating dark and light gray segments, marks different STs. Isolates belonging to the same ST and indicated with the same number of asterisks (*) differed by <50 SNPs. Scale bar refers to the branch lengths, which are measured in the number of substitutions per site.