Figure 5.

RRM2 upregulates PD‐L1 in renal cancer cells. A,B) GSEA analysis for RRM2 by GO biological process and KEGG enrichment in the TCGA‐KIRC (kidney renal clear cell carcinoma) dataset. C,D) The infiltration level of Treg or macrophages M2 cells based on the expression of RRM2 in renal cancer patients. E) The GSEA analysis of 1682 genes regulated by RRM2 knockdown, but not RRM2 inhibitors in 786‐O cells. F) The correlation between the mRNA levels of RRM2 and PD‐L1 was analyzed by the GEPIA web tool (http://gepia.cancer‐pku.cn/). G, H, K,L) 786‐O and A498 cells were infected with the indicated constructs for 72 h. Cells were harvested for the Western blotting (G), RT‐qPCR (H) (n = 3), and FACS analysis (K and L) (n = 2). Data are presented as mean ± SD. One‐way ANOVA followed by Turkey's multiple comparisons post hoc test was applied for the statistical analysis. The p values were shown in the figure. Ns, not significant; *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001. I,J,M,N) 786‐O and A498 cells were transfected with the indicated constructs for 24 h. Cells were harvested for the Western blotting (I), RT‐qPCR (J) (n = 3), and FACS analysis (M and N) (n = 2). Data are presented as mean ± SD. One‐way ANOVA followed by Turkey's multiple comparisons post hoc test was applied for the statistical analysis. Ns, not significant; *, p < 0.05. O–Q) The tissue microarray of renal cancer was stained with RRM2 and PD‐L1. Typical IHC images stained with RRM2 and PD‐L1 are shown in panel (O). The expression levels of RRM2 and PD‐L1 are shown in the heatmap (P). The correlation of these two proteins is shown in panel (Q), the p value was indicated in the figure.