Table 1.

Overall Summary of Major Findings

Chemicals	No. of Uniquely Altered Microbiota	Most Representative Microbial Biomarkers	Fecal Metabolites	Liver BAs	Hepatic Gene Expression	Potential Outcomes Within Gut-Liver Axis
BDE-47	12	S24-7	↑Total, secondary, and unconjugated BAs (all 3 chemicals)   ↑Propionic acid and succinate (TBBPA)   ↓Acetic acid (BPS)	Trend in ↑ CA, T-DCA, and DCA	↑Cyp7a1 (BA synthetic enzyme)   ↓Cytokines   ↓G6pdx (glucose and lipid regulator)	-> Enhanced BA synthesis by host liver and gut bacteria   -> Immune suppression   -> Dyslipidemia
TBBPA	15	Rikenellaceae		↓CDCA	↓Cytokines   ↓Nqo1 (prototypical target of the oxidative stress sensor Nrf2)
BPS	9	Lactobacillus		↓UDCA	↓Cytokines   ↓Nqo1