Table 2.
Primary analysis - Determinants of the need for the respite of informal carers
| (1) | (2) | (3) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full model | Model with stepwise backward selection | Full model with multiple imputations | ||||||
| Variables | Coef. | p-value | M.E. | Coef. | p-value | M.E. | Coef. | p-value |
| Health Status – (Very good) | (ref.) | (ref.) | (ref.) | |||||
| Good | 0.188* | (0.021) | 0.04 | 0.177* | (0.015) | 0.03 | 0.178** | (0.008) |
| Fair | 0.350*** | (0.000) | 0.07 | 0.310*** | (0.000) | 0.06 | 0.304*** | (0.000) |
| Bad | 0.492*** | (0.000) | 0.10 | 0.438*** | (0.000) | 0.09 | 0.417*** | (0.000) |
| Very bad | 0.690* | (0.013) | 0.15 | 0.645* | (0.016) | 0.14 | 0.608* | (0.019) |
| Length of time for care - (< 1 year) | (ref.) | – | (ref.) | |||||
| 1–5 years | −0.106 | (0.393) | – | −0.110 | (0.350) | |||
| > 5 years | −0.135 | (0.267) | – | −0.097 | (0.434) | |||
| Income Level – (< 800€) | (ref.) | – | ||||||
| 800€ - 1200€ | 0.192 | (0.267) | – | 0.112 | (0.520) | |||
| 1200€ - 1800€ | 0.231 | (0.133) | – | 0.174 | (0.272) | |||
| 1800€ - 2500€ | 0.244 | (0.108) | – | 0.120 | (0.430) | |||
| > 2500€ | 0.360* | (0.016) | 0.07 | – | 0.286 | (0.055) | ||
| Marital status – (Single) | (ref.) | – | (ref.) | |||||
| Married | −0.048 | (0.547) | – | −0.055 | (0.452) | |||
| Divorced | 0.148 | (0.292) | – | 0.290* | (0.016) | |||
| Widowed | −0.114 | (0.284) | – | −0.029 | (0.769) | |||
| Filiation – (Partner by marriage) | (ref.) | (ref.) | (ref.) | |||||
| Child | 0.159 | (0.134) | 0.211** | (0.007) | 0.04 | 0.159 | (0.087) | |
| Family member | 0.186 | (0.117) | 0.225* | (0.022) | 0.05 | 0.143 | (0.164) | |
| Close acquaintance | −0.546** | (0.008) | −0.10 | −0.546** | (0.003) | −0.09 | −0.617* | (0.010) |
| Care for other persons | 0.165** | (0.010) | 0.03 | 0.174** | (0.003) | 0.04 | 0.144** | (0.008) |
| Cohabitation | 0.193* | (0.019) | 0.04 | 0.177* | (0.014) | 0.04 | 0.145* | (0.043) |
| Feeling of loneliness | 0.380*** | (0.000) | 0.08 | 0.369*** | (0.000) | 0.08 | 0.366*** | (0.000) |
| Lack of time | 1.342*** | (0.000) | 0.28 | 1.383*** | (0.000) | 0.29 | 1.332*** | (0.000) |
| Replacement in case of unavailability | −0.064 | (0.304) | – | −0.125* | (0.032) | |||
| Age (CG) | 0.026 | (0.053) | – | 0.015 | (0.205) | |||
| Age squared (CG) | −0.000* | (0.031) | – | 0.000 | (0.144) | |||
| Female | 0.071 | (0.201) | – | 0.095 | (0.057) | |||
| Care duration – (< 30 h) | (ref.) | (ref.) | (ref.) | |||||
| 30 h–60 h | 0.279*** | (0.000) | 0.06 | 0.258*** | (0.000) | 0.05 | 0.320*** | (0.000) |
| 60 h–150 h | 0.465*** | (0.000) | 0.10 | 0.436*** | (0.000) | 0.09 | 0.450*** | (0.000) |
| > 150 h | 0.727*** | (0.000) | 0.17 | 0.710*** | (0.000) | 0.16 | 0.749*** | (0.000) |
| Use of training | 0.427*** | (0.000) | 0.09 | 0.454*** | (0.000) | 0.09 | 0.414*** | (0.000) |
| Use of support group | 0.235 | (0.076) | 0.296* | (0.015) | 0.06 | 0.316** | (0.007) | |
| Health status (CR) a | 0.194* | (0.016) | 0.04 | – | 0.171* | (0.016) | ||
| More than one Disease (CR) | 0.136* | (0.021) | 0.03 | 0.137* | (0.011) | 0.03 | 0.120* | (0.021) |
| Formal care (CR) | 0.022 | (0.710) | – | −0.020 | (0.729) | |||
| ADL (CR) | 0.032 | (0.627) | – | 0.036 | (0.578) | |||
| IADL (CR) | −0.025 | (0.659) | – | −0.010 | (0.836) | |||
| MHI5 (CR) | 0.002 | (0.081) | 0.002* | (0.032) | 0.001 | 0.002 | (0.109) | |
| Constant | −3.435*** | (0.000) | −2.507*** | (0.000) | −2.946*** | (0.000) | ||
| Number of observations | 4033 | 4711 | 6201 | |||||
Notes: p-values in parentheses; Source: Capacites, Aides et REssources des seniors (CARE) – 2015; * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001; M.E. stands for marginal effects; CG informal carer; CR care recipient; a included the categories: Fair, bad and very bad (as reference, Very good; and Good)