Table 4.

Actions needed to address health risks of wildland fires

#1	There is an urgent need to identify effective public health interventions that affect behavior and reduce smoke-related morbidity and/or mortality in children and adults.
#2	A coordinated national smoke preparedness strategy is needed to guide local efforts to address health risks.
#3	Federal agencies must invest in a comprehensive national research program that brings together varied expertise (exposure science, quantitative modeling, toxicology, epidemiology, social science, and economics) to evaluate and reduce the health risks of wildland fire smoke.