Table 2.
Rates of primary and secondary endpoints by pulse pressure quartiles in older adults
| Pulse pressure index | All participants aged ≥50 y | Pulse pressure categories | P trend | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Endpoint | Low | Low-middle | High-middle | High | ||
| Quartile limits | … | <45.17 | [45.17–51.19] | [51.19–58.76] | ≥58.76 | |
| No. at risk | 7,185 | 1,796 | 1,797 | 1,796 | 1,796 | |
| Primary endpoints | ||||||
| Total mortality | ||||||
| No. of deaths | 2,802 | 424 | 582 | 769 | 1,027 | |
| Rate, per 1,000 person-years | 28.2 (27.1–29.6) | 17.8 (16.0–19.7) | 22.5 (20.6–24.5) | 31.6 (29.3–34.1) | 48.5 (45.4–51.9) | 0.008 |
| All cardiovascular endpoints | ||||||
| No. of endpoints | 1,978 | 278 | 380 | 533 | 787 | |
| Rate, per 1,000 person-years | 23.2 (22.1–24.6) | 13.1 (11.5–14.9) | 16.5 (14.8–18.4) | 25.4 (23.2–27.8) | 44.0 (41.0–47.5) | 0.016 |
| Secondary endpoints | ||||||
| Cardiovascular mortality | ||||||
| No. of deaths | 1,078 | 124 | 192 | 276 | 486 | |
| Rate, per 1,000 person-years | 11.3 (10.6–12.4) | 5.36 (4.39–6.54) | 7.56 (6.45–8.88) | 11.8 (10.4–13.5) | 23.9 (21.7–26.5) | 0.014 |
| Coronary endpoints | ||||||
| No. of endpoints | 869 | 132 | 169 | 216 | 352 | |
| Rate, per 1,000 person-years | 9.87 (9.20–10.9) | 6.13 (5.07–6.54) | 7.59 (6.45–8.88) | 11.8 (10.4–13.5) | 18.0 (16.2–20.3) | 0.029 |
| Stroke | ||||||
| No. of endpoints | 806 | 93 | 157 | 219 | 337 | |
| Rate, per 1,000 person-years | 8.46 (7.85–9.48) | 3.95 (3.12–5.01) | 6.11 (5.15–7.30) | 9.47 (8.20–11.1) | 17.0 (15.1–19.3) | 0.003 |
Rates, given with 95% confidence interval, were standardized by the direct method for cohort, sex, and median age. Ptrend denotes the significance of the rate trends across increasing pulse pressure categories.