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. 2021 Sep 22;16(9):e0256656. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256656

Table 2. Time course of range of motion (ROM), maximum voluntary contraction (MVC), and root mean square of the surface electromyographic signal (sEMG RMS) in the control (CTRL) and stretching session (STR).

CTRL STR
PRE POST POST15 POST30 PRE POST POST15 POST30 Time effect Condition x time interaction
m(SD) m(SD) m(SD) m(SD) m(SD) m(SD) m(SD) m(SD)
ROM (°) Hip 26(4) 26(4) 27(4) 27(4) 26(4) 28(4)a.b 28(4)a 27(4) F = 12.21 F = 20.64
P<0.001 P<0.001
extension
ηp2 = 0.14 ηp2 = 0.22
Hip 81(15) 82(16) 81(16) 80(15) 82(16) 86(16)a.b 84(16)a 82(16) F = 16.21 F = 13.58
P<0.001 P<0.001
flexion ηp2 = 0.40 ηp2 = 0.36
Ankle 31(5) 30(5) 31(5) 30(5) 30(5) 32(5)a.b 31(5)a 31(5) F = 9.03 F = 18.54
P<0.001 P<0.001
Plantarflexion ηp2 = 0.11 ηp2 = 0.20
Ankle 37(5) 37(5) 37(5) 37(5) 37(4) 39(5) a.b 38(5)a 37(5) F = 13.42 F = 17.18
P<0.001 P<0.001
Dorsiflexion
ηp2 = 0.15 ηp2 = 0.19
MVC (N) Knee extensors 595(125) 593(123) 591(124) 593(122) 593(124) 528(127)a.b 569(128)a.b 590(125) F = 0.86 F = 16.08
P = 0.668 P<0.001
ηp2 = 0.006 ηp2 = 0.39
Knee flexors 433(81) 432(79) 431(81) 431(80) 432(79) 399(79)a.b 419(81)a.b 430(79) F = 1.45 F = 18.66
P = 0.24 P<0.001
ηp2 = 0.02 ηp2 = 0.35
Plantarflexors 758(142) 757(148) 754(144) 753(147) 751(147) 690(155)a.b 717(148)a 749(146) F = 21.38 F = 23.22
P<0.001 P<0.001
ηp2 = 0.22 ηp2 = 0.24
Dorsiflexors 480(90) 474(88) 480(90) 479(92) 479(88) 443(83) a.b 467(87) a 479(90) F = 16.90 F = 10.90
P<0.001 P<0.001
ηp2 = 0.33 ηp2 = 0.22
EMG RMS (mV) Vastus lateralis 0.73(.10) 0.72(.10) 0.72(.11) 0.73(.11) 0.73(.10) 0.67(.11)a.b 0.70(.11)a 0.73(.11) F = 17.90 F = 19.15
P<0.001 P<0.001
ηp2 = 0.27 ηp2 = 0.21
Biceps femoris 0.57(.08) 0.57(.08) 0.56(.08) 0.56(.08) 0.56(.08) 0.52(.09)a.b 0.55(.08)a 0.56(.08) F = 11.50 F = 11.34
P<0.001 P<0.001
ηp2 = 0.23 ηp2 = 0.22
Gastrocnemius medialis 0.54(.08) 0.54(.08) 0.53(.07) 0.53(.08) 0.53(.07) 0.49(.08)a.b 0.51(.08)a 0.54(.07) F = 11.79 F = 15.82
P<0.001 P<0.001
ηp2 = 0.23 ηp2 = 0.26
Tibialis anterior 0.43(.06) 0.42(.06) 0.42(.06) 0.43(.06) 0.42(.06) 0.39(.05)a.b 0.41(.05)a 0.42(.06) F = 15.19 F = 6.10
P<0.001 P<0.001
ηp2 = 0.32 ηp2 = 0.18

a: p<0.05 vs PRE

b: p<0.05 vs CTRL.