Table 7. Time course of percentage muscle activation in the control (CTRL) and stretching session (STR) during the dynamic tests.
| Muscle activation level (% sEMG RMS during MVC at Pre) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTRL | STR | |||||||||||
| PRE | POST | POST15 | POST30 | PRE | POST | POST15 | POST30 | Time effect | Condition x time interaction | |||
| m(SD) | m(SD) | m(SD) | m(SD) | m(SD) | m(SD) | m(SD) | m(SD) | |||||
| Dynamic tests | OE | VL | 3.1(0.5) | 2.9(0.8) | 3.0(0.5) | 3.0(0.8) | 3.1(0.7) | 3.5(0.7)a.b | 3.3(0.6) | 3.3(0.7) | F = 31.83 | F = 4.34 |
| P<0.001 | P = 0.005 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.30 | ηp2 = 0.06 | |||||||||||
| BF | 3.9(0.8) | 4.1(0.7) | 4.0(0.8) | 4.0(0.7) | 4.0(0.7) | 4.3(0.7)a.b | 4.1(0.8)a.b | 4.1(0.8) | F = 5.56 | F = 1.90 | ||
| P = 0.001 | P = 0.13 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.07 | ηp2 = 0.02 | |||||||||||
| GM | 9.4(2.4) | 9.4(2.5) | 9.9(2.9) | 9.6(2.3) | 9.5(2.3) | 10.5(2.6)a.b | 10.3(2.5)a | 10.1(2.5)a | F = 0.59 | F = 3.50 | ||
| P = 0.624 | P = 0.01 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.008 | ηp2 = 0.05 | |||||||||||
| TA | 8.5(1.7) | 8.6(1.7) | 8.6(2.2) | 8.5(1.7) | 8.6(1.7) | 9.5(1.9)a.b | 9.0(1.8)a | 8.6(1.8) | F = 2.29 | F = 6.73 | ||
| P = 0.08 | P<0.001 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.03 | ηp2 = 0.08 | |||||||||||
| CE | VL | 3.0(1.1) | 3.1(1.0) | 3.0(1.0) | 3.0(0.9) | 3.1(1.0) | 3.2(1.0) a.b | 3.2(1.1) | 3.2(1.0) | F = 5.03 | F = 1.40 | |
| P = 0.002 | P = 0.25 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.06 | ηp2 = 0.02 | |||||||||||
| BF | 4.6(1.1) | 4.7(1.2) | 4.6(1.3) | 4.6(1.3) | 4.6(1.2) | 4.9(1.3)a.b | 4.8(1.2)b | 4.7(1.2) | F = 1.09 | F = 5.61 | ||
| P = 0.36 | P = 0.02 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.02 | ηp2 = 0.07 | |||||||||||
| GM | 10.4(2.8) | 10.4(2.6) | 10.1(2.3) | 10.5(2.5) | 10.4(2.4) | 11.5(2.9)a.b | 11.0(2.6)a.b | 10.7(2.6)a | F = 2.26 | F = 12.28 | ||
| P = 0.09 | P<0.001 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.03 | ηp2 = 0.14 | |||||||||||
| TA | 8.8(1.9) | 8.8(1.9) | 8.9(1.9) | 8.9(1.7) | 8.9(1.7) | 9.6(2.0)a.b | 9.4(1.9)a.b | 8.9(1.7) | F = 2.04 | F = 6.19 | ||
| P = 0.11 | P<0.001 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.03 | ηp2 = 0.08 | |||||||||||
| OE+foam | VL | 2.8(0.5) | 2.8(0.6) | 2.7(0.5) | 2.8(0.6) | 2.8(0.4) | 2.9(0.5)a.b | 2.9(0.4) | 2.9(0.5) | F = 5.98 | F = 2.00 | |
| P = 0.001 | P = 0.14 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.08 | ηp2 = 0.03 | |||||||||||
| BF | 4.2(1.0) | 4.3(1.0) | 4.1(0.8) | 4.2(0.9) | 4.2(0.8) | 4.6(1.0)a.b | 4.4(0.9)a.b | 4.3(0.9) | F = 3.41 | F = 3.12 | ||
| P = 0.02 | P = 0.03 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.05 | ηp2 = 0.04 | |||||||||||
| GM | 9.4(2.3) | 9.4(1.9) | 9.4(2.4) | 9.4(2.1) | 9.4(2.0) | 10.3(2.3)a.b | 10.0(2.2)a.b | 9.5(2.1) | F = 3.52 | F = 5.68 | ||
| P = 0.02 | P = 0.001 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.05 | ηp2 = 0.07 | |||||||||||
| TA | 8.3(1.8) | 8.5(2.0) | 8.4(1.7) | 8.5(1.7) | 8.4(1.7) | 9.0(1.7)a.b | 8.8(1.9)a | 8.5(1.7) | F = 2.24 | F = 5.38 | ||
| P = 0.09 | P = 0.001 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.03 | ηp2 = 0.07 | |||||||||||
| CE+foam | VL | 2.9(0.7) | 2.8(0.6) | 2.7(0.5) | 2.8(0.6) | 2.8(0.7) | 3.0(0.5)a.b | 2.9(0.4)a.b | 3.1(0.6)a.b | F = 9.06 | F = 11.54 | |
| P<0.001 | P<0.001 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.11 | ηp2 = 0.14 | |||||||||||
| BF | 4.7(0.8) | 4.6(0.4) | 4.7(1.0) | 4.6(0.9) | 4.7(0.9) | 5.0(0.9)a.b | 4.8(0.3) | 4.7(0.8) | F = 1.54 | F = 4.36 | ||
| P = 0.20 | P = 0.005 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.02 | ηp2 = 0.06 | |||||||||||
| GM | 9.5(2.2) | 9.8(2.6) | 9.7(2.2) | 9.7(2.0) | 9.7(2.1) | 10.6(2.3) | 10.2(2.4) | 9.8(2.1) | F = 2.54 | F = 3.64 | ||
| P = 0.06 | P = 0.01 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.03 | ηp2 = 0.05 | |||||||||||
| TA | 10.2(1.7) | 10.0(2.1) | 10.3(2.6) | 10.1(1.7) | 10.1(1.9) | 10.9(2.2) | 10.6(2.0) | 10.2(2.0) | F = 1.22 | F = 5.34 | ||
| P = 0.30 | P = 0.001 | |||||||||||
| ηp2 = 0.02 | ηp2 = 0.07 | |||||||||||
OE: eyes open, CE: eyes closed, OE+foam: eyes open with foam, CE+foam: eyes closed with foam. VL: vastus lateralis, BF: biceps femoris, GM: gastrocnemius medialis, TA: tibialis anterior.
a: p<0.05 vs PRE
b: p<0.05 STR vs CTRL.