Table 2.
Comparison of CT image features and clinical data between LNM and non-LNM groups in the three cohorts.
| Characteristics | Training cohort (LNM = 89; non-LNM = 70) | Internal validation cohort (LNM = 39; non-LNM = 30) | External validation cohort (LNM = 33; non-LNM = 27) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LNM | non-LNM | P | LNM | non-LNM | P | LNM | non-LNM | P | |
| Gender (from M/F patients) | 57/32 | 56/14 | 0.029 | 27/12 | 20/10 | 0.821 | 26/7 | 14/13 | 0.031 |
| Age (years) | 63.4 ± 9.6 | 65.7 ± 8.0 | 0.105 | 63.7 ± 9.7 | 67.1 ± 6.8 | 0.111 | 66.5 ± 6.4 | 68.2 ± 7.5 | 0.350 |
| Lung cancer_pathology | 0.407 | 0.182 | 0.720 | ||||||
| (ADA/SQCC/Other types of NSCLC) | 51/26/12 | 42/23/5 | 25/8/6 | 21/9/0 | 17/11/5 | 12/11/4 | |||
| LN station | 0.085 | 0.117 | 0.455 | ||||||
| 1R/1L/2R/2L/3A/4R/4L | 2/1/4/0/1/14/2 | 0/0/0/0/0/11/3 | 1/1/0/1/0/7/2 | 0/0/0/0/0/2/0 | 2/0/0/0/2/5/1 | 0/0/0/0/0/4/2 | |||
| 5/6/7/8/9L/10R/10L | 7/3/20/1/1/13/7 | 3/2/12/0/0/20/10 | 0/1/8/0/1/4/4 | 1/0/6/0/0/11/5 | 2/0/5/0/1/2/3 | 0/1/3/0/0/7/1 | |||
| 11R/11L/12R/12L/13R | 5/8/0/0/0 | 6/3/0/0/0 | 7/1/0/1/0 | 4/1/0/0/0 | 3/4/1/1/1 | 5/2/1/0/1 | |||
| Size (mm) | 13.1± 3.6 | 10.7 ± 2.7 | < 0.001 | 13.2 ± 3.5 | 10.7 ± 1.8 | 0.003 | 11.6 ± 3.0 | 9.8 ± 2.1 | 0.019 |
| Shape | 0.445 | 0.093 | 0.136 | ||||||
| Regular | 78(87.6) | 64 (91.4) | 32 (82.1) | 29 (96.7) | 32 (97.0) | 23 (85.2) | |||
| Irregular | 11(12.4) | 6 (8.6) | 7 (17.9) | 1 (3.3) | 1 (3) | 4 (14.8) | |||
| Margin | 0.095 | 0.093 | 0.648 | ||||||
| Clear | 73(82.0) | 64 (91.4) | 32 (82.1) | 29 (96.7) | 28 (84.8) | 24 (88.9) | |||
| Unclear | 16(18.0) | 6 (8.6) | 7 (17.9) | 1 (3.3) | 5 (15.2) | 3 (11.1) | |||
| Calcification | 0.197 | 0.151 | 0.302 | ||||||
| None | 83 (93.3) | 61 (87.1) | 35 (89.7) | 23 (76.7) | 29 (87.9) | 21 (77.8) | |||
| Presence | 6 (6.7) | 9 (12.9) | 4 (10.3) | 7 (23.3) | 4 (12.1) | 6 (22.2) | |||
| Cystic change | 0.999 | 0.999 | 1.000 | ||||||
| None | 87 (97.8) | 70 (100.0) | 36 (92.3) | 30 (100.0) | 32 (97.0) | 27 (100.0) | |||
| Presence | 2 (2.2) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (7.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.0) | 0 (0.0) | |||
| CTmax | 50.5 ± 41.6 | 69.0 ± 48.4 | 0.021 | 56.2 ± 53.4 | 88.4 ± 97.1 | 0.117 | 71.6 ± 41.1 | 97.2 ± 56.1 | 0.065 |
| CTmean | 32.1 ± 21.8 | 42.9 ± 15.1 | 0.001 | 32.2 ± 18.8 | 54.4 ± 43.4 | 0.019 | 40.8 ± 7.3 | 53.3 ± 16.2 | 0.001 |
p value is obtained by using the univariate analysis between each variable and node status.
LNM, lymph node metastasis; non-LNM, no lymph node metastasis.