Table 1. Baseline characteristics in elderly adults, a longitudinal study in China, 1998 to 2019.
| Variables | Whole population (n=11,862) | Tooth lose rate, per year | P value | |||
| Stable (n=4,705) | Mild (n=2,016) | Middle (n=1,687) | Severe (n=3,454) | |||
| Age at baseline, years | ||||||
| Mean ± SD | 81.41 ± 10.47 | 81.39 ± 10.38 | 83.21 ± 10.87 | 81.55 ± 10.68 | 80.31 ± 10.11 | <0.0001 |
| Median (IQR) | 81.48 (72.10-89.08) | 81.59 (72.36-88.84) | 83.60 (74.00-91.13) | 81.81 (71.79-89.89) | 80.54 (71.19-87.39) | |
| <80 years | 4942 (41.66) | 1914 (40.68) | 718 (35.62) | 707 (41.91) | 1603 (46.41) | |
| 80-89 years | 4225 (35.62) | 1749 (37.17) | 716 (35.52) | 568 (33.67) | 1192 (34.51) | |
| ≥90 years | 2695 (22.72) | 1042 (22.15) | 582 (28.87) | 412 (24.42) | 659 (19.08) | |
| Male, n(%) | 6047 (50.98) | 2433 (51.71) | 944 (46.83) | 851 (50.44) | 1819 (52.66) | 0.2888 |
| Ethic, Han, n(%) | 11183 (94.28) | 4395 (93.41) | 1892 (93.85) | 1603 (95.02) | 3293 (95.34) | <0.0001 |
| Marriage status, married, n(%) | 6405 (54.00) | 2575 (54.73) | 1176 (58.33) | 923 (54.71) | 1731 (50.12) | <0.0001 |
| Ever or current smoker, n(%) | 4459 (37.64) | 1821 (38.73) | 721 (35.80) | 586 (34.80) | 1331 (38.60) | 0.6258 |
| Ever or current drinker, n(%) | 4092 (34.55) | 1703 (36.24) | 660 (32.82) | 569 (33.79) | 1160 (33.63) | 0.0173 |
| Ever or current exerciser, n(%) | 4720 (39.89) | 1919 (40.92) | 794 (39.44) | 693 (41.15) | 1314 (38.14) | 0.0285 |
| High ADL score, n(%) | 10737 (90.52) | 4261 (90.56) | 1784 (88.49) | 1531 (90.75) | 3161 (91.52) | 0.0785 |
| No. of teeth at baseline, ≥ 17, n(%) | 4397 (37.07) | 1268 (26.95) | 463 (22.97) | 533 (31.59) | 2133 (61.75) | <0.0001 |
| Denture wearing, yes, n(%) | 2294 (19.34) | 952 (20.23) | 379 (18.80) | 353 (20.92) | 610 (17.66) | 0.0157 |
| Residence, n(%) | 0.0002 | |||||
| City | 2860 (24.11) | 1172 (24.91) | 472 (23.41) | 429 (25.43) | 787 (22.79) | |
| Town | 3396 (28.63) | 1385 (29.44) | 621 (30.80) | 460 (27.27) | 930 (26.93) | |
| Rural area | 5606 (47.26) | 2148 (45.65) | 923 (45.78) | 798 (47.30) | 1737 (50.29) | |
| Education, n(%) | 0.4667 | |||||
| Illiterate | 6649 (56.05) | 2582 (54.88) | 1238 (61.41) | 907 (53.76) | 1922 (55.65) | |
| Primary school | 3927 (33.11) | 1572 (33.41) | 597 (29.61) | 565 (33.49) | 1193 (34.54) | |
| Middle school or above | 1286 (10.84) | 551 (11.71) | 181 (8.98) | 215 (12.74) | 339 (9.81) | |
| Occupation, n(%) | 0.0033 | |||||
| Farmer or manual | 6495 (54.75) | 2475 (52.60) | 1135 (56.30) | 925 (54.83) | 1960 (56.75) | |
| Clerical | 3197 (26.95) | 1336 (28.40) | 546 (27.08) | 425 (25.19) | 890 (25.77) | |
| Professional | 1122 (9.46) | 487 (10.35) | 147 (7.29) | 179 (10.61) | 309 (8.95) | |
| Others | 1048 (8.83) | 407 (8.65) | 188 (9.33) | 158 (9.37) | 295 (8.54) | |
| Physical performance score, n(%) | 0.0283 | |||||
| 5 | 8659 (73.00) | 3436 (73.03) | 1411 (69.99) | 1197 (70.95) | 2615 (75.71) | |
| 2.5-4.5 | 3047 (25.69) | 1212 (25.76) | 576 (28.57) | 465 (27.56) | 794 (22.99) | |
| 0-2.5 | 156 (1.32) | 57 (1.21) | 29 (1.44) | 25 (1.48) | 45 (1.30) | |
| Food diversity score, n(%) | 0.0002 | |||||
| 6-8 | 5995 (50.54) | 2350 (49.95) | 947 (46.97) | 822 (48.73) | 1876 (54.31) | |
| 4-5 | 4032 (33.99) | 1614 (34.30) | 727 (36.06) | 592 (35.09) | 1099 (31.82) | |
| 0-3 | 1835 (15.47) | 741 (15.75) | 342 (16.96) | 273 (16.18) | 479 (13.87) | |
| Social activity score, n(%) | 0.7672 | |||||
| 5-8 | 3213 (27.09) | 1301 (27.65) | 472 (23.41) | 474 (28.10) | 966 (27.97) | |
| 3-4 | 6274 (52.89) | 2556 (54.33) | 1039 (51.54) | 875 (51.87) | 1804 (52.23) | |
| 0-2 | 2375 (20.02) | 848 (18.02) | 505 (25.05) | 338 (20.04) | 684 (19.80) | |
| Chronic disease score, n(%) | 0.4043 | |||||
| 0 | 7006 (59.06) | 2781 (59.11) | 1203 (59.67) | 978 (57.97) | 2044 (59.18) | |
| 1-2 | 4291 (36.17) | 1725 (36.66) | 707 (35.07) | 628 (37.23) | 1231 (35.64) | |
| ≥3 | 565 (4.76) | 199 (4.23) | 106 (5.26) | 81 (4.80) | 179 (5.18) | |
Abbreviations: ADL, activities of daily living; IQR, interquartile range; SD, standard deviation.