Table 1.
Anti-cancer effects of A. cepa (onion) and its constituents
| Ref. | Effect | Extract/Constituent | Experimental model | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (67) | Chemo-preventive effects | Diallyl sulfide, disulfide, dipropyl sulfide and dipropyl disulfide | Exper. | Anti-cancer effects |
| (212) | Inhibited all stages of skin tumorigenesis | Onion oil | ||
| (30) | Inhibited metastatic potential and growth of melanoma | Quercetin, apigenin, epigallocathechin-3-gallate and resveratrol | ||
| (213, 221) | Inhibition of growth and proliferation of cancer cell lines | Quercetin | ||
| (64) | Increased intestinal absorption, decreased first-pass metabolism of tamoxifen | Quercetin | ||
| (63) | Prevention of radio-resistance following radiotherapy | Phenolic compounds | ||
| (65) | Increased bioavailability of anti-cancer drugs | Flavonoids | ||
| (214) | Inhibited the formation of DNA adducts and proliferation of several tumor cell lines, increased glutathione S-transferase activity | Organosulfur compounds | ||
| (215) | Increased glutathione S-transferase activity, decreased the number of aberrant crypt foci (precursors of colon cancers) | Organosulfur compounds | ||
| (112, 113) | Inhibited the proliferation of several cancer cell lines | Saponins | ||
| (98) | Decreased the brain cancer risk | Onion | ||
| (221) | Decreased the lung cancer risk | Flavonoids | ||
Exper.: experimental; Clin.: clinical.