HGF downregulates TGF-β1 level in irradiated fibroblasts. (A): Secretion of HGF by ASCs in transwell coculture was measured by Luminex assay (n = 3). (B): The effect of recombinant HGF (50, 200, and 500 ng/ml) on expression of TGF-β mRNA in irr. HFF was analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase was used as a housekeeping gene. (C): HFF cell lysates were run on SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, blotted on a nitrocellulose membrane and probed with c-Met antibody. Cell lysates from MCF-7 (negative control cells) and MDA-MB-231 (positive control cells) were used. β-actin was used as a loading control. *, p < .05. Abbreviations: ASC, adipose-derived stem cell; HFF, human forskin fibroblast; HGF, hepatocyte growth factor; irr. HFF, irradiated human forskin fibroblast; TGF-β, transforming growth factor-β.