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. 2021 Sep 21;11(9):e047522. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047522

Table 1.

Predictive variables

ICF component CPUP variables Questionnaire variables
Body Function & Structure Range of motion in the lower extremities Continuous value:
Variable most associated with habitual physical activity from the following measurements (on the most affected side) measured in degrees:
HIP

  • Abduction

  • Flexion

  • Internal rotation

  • External rotation

  • Elys test

  • Extension


KNEE

  • extension (hip 90° flexion)

  • extension (hip 0°)


ANKLE

  • Dorsal flexion with flexed knee

  • Dorsal flexion with extended knee

 Visual evaluation of range of motion for most affected side. Categorical values: ‘more’ or ‘less’ than the depicted picture of the following joints (see appendix for illustrations):

  • HIP flexion KNEE extension with opposite leg extended

  • KNEE extension with opposite leg flexed

  • ANKLE flexion with extended knee

  • ANKLE flexion with flexed knee:

    1. Decreased range of motion

    2. Full range of motion
Number of hours of sleep per night Continuous value:

  1. Time in hours per day on school days.

  2. Time in hours per day in the weekend
Pain Categorised as
Yes/No
Muscle tone (Modified Ashworth Scale) Categorical value:
The absence or presence of increased muscle tone in the most affected side of the lower extremity as evaluated on the Modified Ashworth scale.
BMI (body mass index) Continuous value:
Weight in kg /(Height (m))2
GMFCS level Categorical values:
I-III		 Categorical values:
I-III
Activities The Functional Mobility Score Categorical values
FMS score (1-6) for:

  • 5 metre

  • 50 metre

  • 500 metre

 Categorical values
FMS score (1-6) for:

  • 5 metre

  • 50 metre

  • 500 metre
GMFM-66 Score Continuous score:
0–100
Means of transport to and from school Categoricalvalues:

  • Walks

  • Bikes

  • Transported (eg, by car, bus, cargo bike)

  • Other
Hours of screen time Continuous value:

  1. Time in hours per day on school days.

  2. Time in hours per day in the weekend
Ability to climb stairs Categorical values:

  1. Climbs up stairs independently (Yes/No)

  2. Climbs down stairs independently (Yes/No)
Bikes (bicycle, tricycle, running bike etc.) Categorical values:

  • Often (daily)

  • Sometimes (a couple of times a week)

  • Rarely (a couple of times a month)

  • Never
Participation PODCI Continuous score: 0–100
Participation in physical training at school Categorical values:
Yes/No		 Categorical values:
Yes/No
Participation in recreational activities Categorical values:
Yes/No		 Categoricalvalues:

  • Swimming

  • Horseback riding

  • Soccer Handball

  • Dance

  • Strength training

  • Gymnastics

  • Basketball

  • Floorball

  • RaceRunning

  • Nothing Other
Personal Factors Age Age in years Age in years
Sex Categorical values:
Male/Female		 Categorical values:
Male/Female
CP classification Categorical values:

  • Spastic

  • Dyskinetic

  • Ataxic

  • Not classified/mixed form
Parents educational level Categorical values:

  • Primary school up to and including 6th grade

  • Primary school 7–10th grade

  • High school education

  • Vocational education (eg, office and shop assistant, etc.)

  • Short higher education (eg, market economist, police officer, etc.)

  • Medium-term higher education (eg, teacher, educator, nurse, bachelor of political science, etc.)

  • Long higher education (eg, master degree)

  • PhD or research training

  • Other education

  • Do not know
Environmental Factors Residence region Categorical values:

  • Region of Southern Denmark

  • Region of Northern Denmark

  • Central Denmark Region

  • Region Zealand Capital

  • Region of Denmark
Use of orthosis Categorical values:
Yes/No
Wheelchair use Categorical values:

  • Does not use

  • Is assisted

  • Operates independently
Quality of Life PedsQL Continuous score: 0–100

BMI, body mass index; CP, cerebral palsy; CPUP, Cerebral Palsy Follow-Up Programme; FMS, Functional Mobility Scale; GMFCS, Gross Motor Function Classification System; ICF, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; PedsQL, Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory; PODCI, Paediatric Outcomes Data Collection Instrument.