Table 4.
Overall mean±SD and by hospital for the COACH subscales
| Dimensions | All (N=223) | Hospital A (N=74) | Hospital B (N=70) | Hospital C (N=79) | P value |
| Organizational resources | 3.1±0.6 | 3.3±0.8 | 2.9±0.5 | 3.1±0.5 | <0.001 |
| Human resources | 2.6±1.0 | 3.2±1.1 | 2.4±0.9 | 2.3±0.8 | <0.001 |
| Space | 3.0±1.1 | 3.2±1.2 | 2.7±1.1 | 3.0±1.1 | 0.032 |
| Communication and transport | 3.3±1.0 | 3.3±1.1 | 3.2±1.0 | 3.4±0.8 | 0.699 |
| Financing | 2.9±0.7 | 3.1±0.8 | 2.7±0.6 | 2.9±0.5 | <0.001 |
| Medicines and equipment | 3.3±0.8 | 3.4±0.9 | 3.0±0.7 | 3.5±0.7 | <0.001 |
| Community engagement | 3.5±0.7 | 3.5±0.8 | 3.4±0.7 | 3.6±0.5 | 0.118 |
| Monitoring services for action | 3.2±0.6 | 3.3±0.8 | 3.0±0.6 | 3.2±0.5 | 0.001 |
| Commitment to work | 4.2±0.7 | 4.3±0.6 | 4.2±0.7 | 4.1±0.8 | 0.155 |
| Work culture | 4.1±0.5 | 4.0±0.7 | 4.0±0.5 | 4.3±0.4 | 0.002 |
| Culture of learning and change | 3.8±0.6 | 3.8±0.7 | 3.8±0.7 | 3.7±0.5 | 0.768 |
| Culture of responsibility | 4.1±0.6 | 4.0±0.8 | 4.0±0.5 | 4.4±0.4 | <0.001 |
| Leadership | 4.1±0.7 | 4.1±0.8 | 4.3±0.5 | 3.9±0.7 | 0.01 |
| Informal payment | 4.7±0.5 | 4.5±0.6 | 4.7±0.4 | 4.8±0.3 | 0.003 |
| Accountability | 2.8±1.5 | 2.7±1.5 | 3.5±1.3 | 2.3±1.3 | <0.001 |
| Informal payment* | 4.7±0.5 | 4.6±0.6 | 4.8±0.4 | 4.8±0.3 | 0.002 |
| Nepotism* | 4.6±0.6 | 4.5±0.7 | 4.6±0.6 | 4.7±0.6 | 0.087 |
| Sources of knowledge† | 0.6±0.3 | 0.6±0.3 | 0.5±0.3 | 0.7±0.3 | 0.003 |
All values represent mean±SD. Bolded items indicate COACH subscales; those below the subscales indicate the dimensions within the subscales.
*Items on informal payment and nepotism were reverse scored.
†Score range for sources of knowledge is 0–1; for all other subscales the score range is 1–5.
COACH, Context Assessment for Community Health.