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. 2021 Sep 9;12:659480. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.659480

TABLE 3.

Simplified outputs from Linear Mixed-Effects Regressions of performance-based measures examining change from baseline to post intervention and 6-month follow-up assessments.

Session β SE t p β SE t p
Primary measures
CWIT. Condition 3 completion time Pre 55.55 2.14 Letter Number Sequencing, total score§ 19.38 0.43
Post −4.48 1.95 −2.30 0.022* −0.82 0.43 −1.88 0.060
Follow up −5.60 1.98 −2.82 0.005* −0.76 0.44 −1.72 0.086
CWIT. Condition 4 completion time Pre 62.47 1.91 Spatial Span, total score§ 15.93 0.50
Post −8.64 2.00 −4.31 <0.001* 0.87 0.53 1.65 0.099
Follow up −9.33 2.04 −4.58 <0.001* 0.31 0.53 0.59 0.558
CWIT. Condition 3 and 4, total errors Pre 2.37 0.38 Hotel task. Total time deviation 352.71 37.40
Post −0.32 0.37 −0.89 0.375 −26.34 44.08 −0.60 0.550
Follow up −0.21 0.37 −0.57 0.570 −117.59 44.87 −2.62 0.009*
TMT. Condition 4. Completion time Pre 72.03 4.81 Hotel task. Total tasks attempted§ 4.71 0.11
Post −7.78 4.54 −1.71 0.087 0.20 0.17 1.17 0.244
Follow up −11.37 4.63 −2.46 0.014* 0.29 0.17 1.71 0.087
TMT. Condition 4. Total errors Pre 0.75 0.17 Hotel task. Total score, garage§ 6.10 0.44
Post −0.16 0.24 −0.67 0.503 0.84 0.48 1.77 0.076
Follow up 0.06 0.24 0.22 0.822 0.34 0.48 0.70 0.484
Tower task. Total achievement§ Pre 19.38 0.68
Post 0.30 0.70 0.42 0.672
Follow up 2.12 0.71 2.99 0.003*

Letter Number Sequencing from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale – 4th edition, Spatial span from the Wechsler Memory Scale – 3rd edition. CWIT, Color-Word Interference Test; TMT, Trail Making Test, these and the Tower all from the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System. P-values estimated using Satterthwaite’s method.

*p 0.05 after application of control for false discovery rates.

§Hypothesized increase in scores from pre-assessment, remaining measures are hypothesized to decrease.