TABLE 1.
Population characteristics overall and by residence. Lao Social Indicator Survey II, Lao People's Democratic Republic, 2017.
| Characteristic | Study population | Large urban - vientiane capital | Small urban - other provinces | Rural | Chi-square p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N = 4,654) | (n = 175) | (n = 1,099) | (n = 3,380) | ||
| Marital Status | |||||
| Married | 4,289 (96.4) | 143 (92.3) | 1,019 (96.9) | 3,125 (96.4) | 0.02 |
| Not Married | 162 (3.6) | 12 (7.7) | 33 (3.1) | 117 (3.6) | — |
| Maternal Age | |||||
| <20 years | 547 (12.3) | 5 (3.2) | 78 (7.4) | 464 (14.3) | <0.0001 |
| 20–25 years | 1,625 (36.5) | 28 (18.1) | 323 (30.7) | 1,274 (39.3) | — |
| 26–29 years | 981 (22.1) | 47 (30.3) | 289 (27.5) | 645 (19.9) | — |
| 30–35 years | 870 (19.6) | 48 (31.0) | 256 (24.3) | 566 (17.5) | — |
| >35 years | 426 (9.6) | 27 (17.4) | 106 (10.1) | 293 (9.0) | — |
| Child Sex | |||||
| Female | 2,243 (48.2) | 88 (50.3) | 558 (50.8) | 1,597 (47.3) | 0.11 |
| Male | 2,411 (51.8) | 87 (49.7) | 541 (49.2) | 1783 (52.8) | — |
| Child Age At Interview | |||||
| 0–2 Months | 560 (12.3) | 16 (9.9) | 132 (12.2) | 412 (12.4) | 0.11 |
| 3–4 Months | 386 (8.5) | 11 (6.8) | 82 (7.6) | 293 (8.8) | — |
| 5–6 Months | 392 (8.6) | 10 (6.2) | 82 (7.6) | 300 (9.0) | — |
| 7–8 Months | 405 (8.9) | 14 (8.7) | 101 (9.4) | 290 (8.7) | — |
| 9–10 Months | 398 (8.7) | 19 (11.8) | 81 (7.5) | 298 (9.0) | — |
| 11–12 Months | 398 (8.7) | 13 (8.1) | 99 (9.2) | 286 (8.6) | — |
| 13–14 Months | 362 (7.9) | 7 (4.4) | 90 (8.4) | 265 (8.0) | — |
| 15–16 Months | 353 (7.7) | 10 (6.2) | 83 (7.7) | 260 (7.8) | — |
| 17–18 Months | 370 (8.1) | 16 (9.9) | 85 (7.9) | 269 (8.1) | — |
| 19–20 Months | 373 (8.2) | 12 (7.5) | 107 (9.9) | 254 (7.6) | — |
| 21–22 Months | 389 (8.5) | 20 (12.4) | 94 (8.7) | 275 (8.3) | — |
| 23–24 Months | 176 (3.9) | 13 (8.1) | 42 (3.9) | 121 (3.6) | — |
| Maternal Education | |||||
| No Schooling | 865 (19.5) | 2 (1.3) | 89 (8.5) | 774 (23.9) | <0.0001 |
| Primary | 1,684 (37.9) | 28 (18.1) | 226 (21.5) | 1,430 (44.2) | — |
| Lower Secondary | 1,007 (22.7) | 37 (23.4) | 273 (26.0) | 697 (21.5) | — |
| Upper Secondary | 386 (8.7) | 31 (20.0) | 178 (16.9) | 177 (5.5) | — |
| Post Secondary or Higher | 503 (11.3) | 57 (36.8) | 285 (27.1) | 161 (5.0) | — |
| Wealth Index | |||||
| Poorest | 1,257 (27.6) | 1 (0.06) | 66 (6.1) | 1,190 (35.9) | <0.0001 |
| Second | 1,086 (23.9) | 1 (0.06) | 154 (14.3) | 931 (28.1) | — |
| Middle | 857 (18.8) | 6 (3.7) | 212 (19.7) | 639 (19.3) | — |
| Fourth | 719 (15.8) | 40 (24.8) | 286 (26.6) | 393 (11.9) | — |
| Richest | 630 (13.9) | 113 (70.2) | 359 (33.3) | 158 (4.8) | — |
| Attitude that domestic violence is not acceptable | |||||
| No | 2,861 (66.1) | 120 (80.0) | 682 (66.2) | 2059 (65.5) | 0.001 |
| Yes | 1,465 (33.9) | 30 (20.0) | 348 (33.8) | 1,087 (34.6) | — |
| Prenatal Care | |||||
| No | 801 (18.6) | 4 (2.7) | 76 (7.5) | 721 (22.9) | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 81.4) | 142 (97.3) | 942 (92.5) | 2,427 (77.1) | — |
| Baby put directly on bare skin of mothers chest after birth | |||||
| No | 2,751 (64.7) | 44 (30.1) | 489 (48.9) | 2,218 (71.5) | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 1,498 (35.3) | 102 (69.9) | 511 (51.1) | 885 (28.5) | — |
| Healthcare provider observed child’s breastfeeding within 2 days after birth | |||||
| No | 3,774 (89.3) | 95 (67.4) | 842 (85.3) | 2,837 (91.6) | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 453 (10.7) | 46 (32.6) | 145 (14.7) | 262 (8.5) | — |
| Healthcare provider counseled on breastfeeding within 2 days after birth | |||||
| No | 3,732 (86.8) | 95 (65.1) | 825 (81.3) | 2,812 (89.6) | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 566 (13.2) | 51 (34.9) | 190 (18.7) | 325 (10.4) | — |
| Place of Birth | |||||
| Public Sector | 2,657 (62.2) | 130 (89.7) | 829 (82.2) | 1,698 (54.4) | — |
| Private Medical Sector | 60 (1.4) | 13 (9.0) | 18 (1.8) | 29 (0.9) | — |
| Home | 1,556 (36.4) | 2 (1.4) | 162 (16.1) | 1,392 (44.6) | — |
| Current exclusive breastfeeding, children 0–6 months | |||||
| No | 588 (47.3) | 24 (80.0) | 136 (51.1) | 496 (52.3) | 0.01 |
| Yes | 656 (52.7) | 6 (20.0) | 130 (48.9) | 452 (47.7) | — |
| Current complementary breastfeeding, children 6–23 months | |||||
| No | 1,280 (41.1) | 82 (70.1) | 395 (53.1) | 803 (35.7) | <0.0001 |
| Yes | 1833 (58.9) | 35 (29.9) | 349 (46.9) | 1,449 (64.3) | — |
Bold signifies statistical significance.