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. 2021 Sep 9;12:718919. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.718919

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Copyright © 2021 Balint, Jarczok, Langgartner, Reber, Endes, Schmidt-Trucksäss, Funk, Klinghammer, Campbell, Gündel and Waller.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Responses in heart rate and heart rate variability to the stressors for hypertensive patients and healthy controls (mean ± SD). Timepoint 1: rest; timepoint 2: Attachment Interview (Adult Attachment Projective Picture System); timepoint 3: Separation Recall; timepoint 4: recovery. (A) Heart Rate. (B) Root mean square of successive differences (RMSSD). (C) Standard deviation of normal to normal intervals (SDNN). Asterisks indicate significant group*time differences related to healthy controls at reference timepoint 1 (**p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001).