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. 2021 Sep 22;4(9):e2126118. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2021.26118

Table 2. Themes Associated With Interpersonal Racism by Identified Perpetrator Categories.

Themes associated with interpersonal racism Frequency of themes appearing in reviews, No./total No. (%)a
Nurses (94/179)b
Stereotyping 8/94 (8.5)
Acts of commission 10/94 (10.6)
Incompetence 11/94 (11.7)
Acts of omission 21/94 (22.3)
Disrespect 33/94 (35.1)
Doctors (56/179)b
Acts of commission 3/56 (5.4)
Stereotyping 5/56 (8.9)
Devaluation 8/56 (14.3)
Disrespect 11/56 (19.6)
Incompetence 11/56 (19.6)
Acts of omission 15/56 (26.8)
Reception (22/179)b
Devaluation 2/22 (9.1)
Acts of omission 4/22 (18.2)
Disrespect 14/22 (63.6)
Security (13/179)b
Devaluation 1/13 (7.7)
Stereotyping 1/13 (7.7)
Acts of commission 2/13 (15.4)
Disrespect 6/13 (46.2)
a

Percentages listed with themes reflect relative proportion of themes per individual perpetrator category.

b

Proportions listed with perpetrator categories reflect the number of reviews identifying these categories out of all reviews involving interpersonally mediated racism.