TABLE 2.
Studies included photo‐sensitive reactions occurred in volunteers deliberately exposed to sunlight or artificial light sources
| Studies performed on volunteers | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author | Type of study | Year | No patients involved | Drug | Dose | Reaction occurred and source of light |
|
Pariser DM, Green LJ |
RCT | 2019 |
12/18 at 24 h 2/18 at 48 h |
Sarecycline | 240 mg | Phototoxicity assessed with irradiation with 16 J/cm2 of UVA, then another area was irradiated with UVA/UVB at 50% of the subject's minimal erythema dose. |
|
Bjellerup M, Ljunggren B |
Double‐blind cross‐over | 1994 | 15 |
Doxycycline vs. lymecycline |
200 mg 1200 mg |
Phototesting performed with UVA radiation |
|
Bjellerup M, Ljunggren B |
Double blind cross‐over | 1987 |
4/8 0/8 |
Doxycycline vs. lymecycline |
200 mg 1200 mg |
Photosensitive reaction with fluorescent tube |
|
Rosén K, Swanbeck G |
Interventional cohort | 1982 | 1/10 |
Doxycycline |
200 mg | Phototoxic Reactions after exposition to High‐Intensity UVA Lamp |
| Maibach HI, Epstein J, et al. | Observational cohort | 1974 | 3/200 |
Demethylchlortetracycline |
600 mg |
Phototoxic dermatitis, then Photosensitive lichenoid eruption in 10–20 days during sun exposure and application of a Mylan plastic |
|
Frost P, Weinstein GD, et al. |
RCT | 1972 |
6/15 0/17 |
Doxycycline vs. minocycline |
200 mg | Sunburn reaction during sun exposure |
|
Frost P, Weinstein GD, et al. |
Interventional cohort | 1971 |
12/13 1/14 |
Demethylchlortetracycline Methacycline |
600 mg 600 mg |
Abnormal reactions to sun during a boat trip |
| Dahlen RF, Shapiro SI, et al. | Interventional cohort | 1970 | 20 | Demethylchlortetracycline | 300 mg | Phototoxic reaction due to sunlight, assessing the efficacy of a sunscreen |
|
Blank H, Cullen SI, et al. |
RCT | 1968 |
9/10 2/10 |
Demethylchlortetracycline or doxycycline |
600 mg 200 mg |
Phototoxic reaction during sun exposition on a boat |
|
Willis I, Kligman |
Interventional cohort | 1968 | 10/10 |
Demethylchlortetracycline |
Skin contact | Photocontact allergy on stripped skin with 1600 W high pressure xenon arc lamp |
|
Willis I, Kligman |
Interventional cohort | 1968 | 10/12 |
Demethylchlortetracycline |
1200 mg | Photosensitivity with 1600 W high pressure xenon arc lamp |
|
Kligman AM, Breit R |
Interventional cohort | 1968 | See text for details |
Demethylchlortetracycline, tetracycline HCl, chlortetracycline |
Various doses | Phototoxic reaction induced by oral administration, dermal injection and topical application |
|
Schorr WF, Monash S |
Interventional cohort | 1963 |
5 sunlight 1 hot quartz lamp |
Tetracycline and demethylchlortetracycline |
0.2 ml at various concentrations intradermal injection | Minimal primary irritant effect occurred which disappeared in 48–72 h with sunlight or hot quartz lamp irradiation |
|
Harber LC, Tromovitch TA, Baer RL |
RCT | 1961 |
10 10 15 carbon arc radiation |
Demethylchlortetracycline vs. tetracycline |
600 mg 1000 mg 1400 mg |
Photosensitivity with sunlight or carbon arc radiation |
| Orentreich N, Harber L et al. | Interventional cohort | 1961 | 27/108 | Demethylchlortetracycline |
600 mg |
Phototoxic reaction (of whom 7/108 with photo‐onycholysis) |
|
Cahn M, Levy EJ, et al. |
Interventional cohort | 1961 |
15/74 15/64 3/18 |
Demethylchlortetracycline |
600 mg 600 or 450 or 300 mg |
Photosensitivity with artificial light source |
|
Cahn M, Levy EJ, et al. |
Interventional cohort | 1961 |
2/50 0/76 |
Demethylchlortetracycline |
450 mg 300 mg |
Photosensitivity with sunlight exposition + UV lamp |