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. 2021 Sep 22;78(12):1–14. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.2588

Table 4. Correlates of Past-Year Frequent Methamphetamine Use Among Adults Aged 18-64 Yearsa .

Correlate Adjusted prevalence of frequent (≥100 d in past 12 mo) methamphetamine use, weighted % (95% CI) Frequent (≥100 d in past 12 mo) methamphetamine use, ARR (95% CI)
NSDUH year
2015 41.56 (25.55-47.83)b 0.82 (0.68-0.99)b
2016 43.90 (37.18-50.85) 0.87 (0.71-1.06)
2017 42.40 (35.15-49.99) 0.84 (0.70-1.01)
2018 45.97 (39.55-52.53) 0.91 (0.76-1.10)
2019 50.44 (43.09-57.76) 1 [Reference]
Age group, y
18-23 34.75 (28.41-41.68) 1 [Reference]
24-34 41.19 (36.34-46.22) 1.19 (0.97-1.45)
35-49 46.47 (41.13-51.89)b 1.34 (1.09-1.64)b
50-64 55.74 (46.10-64.96)b 1.60 (1.24-2.08)b
HBV or HCV
Yes 57.94 (47.65-67.58)b 1.33 (1.10-1.60)b
No 43.69 (39.78-47.68) 1 [Reference]
STI in past year
Yes 56.76 (48.29-64.85)b 1.29 (1.09-1.54)b
No 43.91 (39.83-48.08) 1 [Reference]
MDE in past year
Yes 40.04 (33.93-46.48)b 0.84 (0.71-0.99)b
Did not answer 30.89 (16.86-49.62) 0.65 (0.38-1.10)
No 47.56 (43.24-51.92) 1 [Reference]
Alcohol use and use disorder in past year
Alcohol use disorder 34.96 (28.38-42.18)b 0.74 (0.60-0.92)b
No alcohol use disorder, but had alcohol use 48.91 (44.23-53.60) 1.04 (0.89-1.20)
No alcohol use 47.19 (40.85-53.62) 1 [Reference]
Cocaine use in past year
Yes 33.48 (27.89-39.57)b 0.66 (0.55-0.80)b
No 50.45 (45.88-55.02) 1 [Reference]
Hallucinogen use in past year
Yes 54.65 (48.36-60.79)b 1.28 (1.12-1.47)b
No 42.70 (38.51-47.01) 1 [Reference]
Methamphetamine use, MUD, or injection in past year
Use without MUD or injection 32.59 (28.12-37.41) 1 [Reference]
MUD without injection 53.84 (47.82-59.76)b 1.65 (1.42-1.92)b
Injection regardless of MUD 52.68 (45.50-59.75)b 1.62 (1.35-1.94)b

Abbreviations: ARR, adjusted risk ratio; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; MDE, major depressive episode; MUD, methamphetamine use disorder; NSDUH, National Survey on Drug Use and Health; STI, sexually transmitted infection.

a

Data source: the 2015 to 2019 NSDUH.4

b

Each estimate was statistically significantly different from the estimate of the reference group within the same cell. The final multivariable multinomial logistic regression model included all of the variables presented in this table. Covariates shown in Table 2 and Table 3, but not in Table 4, were not associated with the outcome and were removed from the final model.