Table. Characteristics of Study Participants at the Index Visita.
| Characteristics | No. (%) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | ARIC Study | CARDIA Study | FHS-O | MESA | |
| No. of participants | 18 288 | 8235 | 3892 | 3827 | 2334 |
| Age, mean (SD), y | 56.4 (3.7) | 57.3 (2.5) | 53.4 (4.8) | 56.8 (3.6) | 57.4 (2.3) |
| Race and ethnicity | |||||
| Hispanic | 535 (2.9) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 535 (22.9) |
| non-Hispanic Black | 4465 (24.4) | 1975 (24.0) | 1865 (47.9) | 0 | 625 (26.8) |
| non-Hispanic White | 12 980 (71.0) | 6235 (75.7) | 2027 (52.1) | 3827 (100.0) | 891 (38.2) |
| Otherb | 308 (1.7) | 25 (0.3) | 0 | 0 | 283 (12.1) |
| Sex | |||||
| Female | 10 309 (56.4) | 4800 (58.3) | 2203 (56.6) | 2046 (53.5) | 1260 (54.0) |
| Male | 7979 (43.6) | 3435 (41.7) | 1689 (43.4) | 1781 (46.5) | 1074 (46.0) |
| Smoking status | |||||
| Never | 7497 (41.0) | 3132 (38.0) | 1967 (50.5) | 1283 (33.5) | 1115 (47.8) |
| Former | 7301 (39.9) | 3396 (41.2) | 1280 (32.9) | 1749 (45.7) | 876 (37.5) |
| Current | 3490 (19.1) | 1707 (20.7) | 645 (16.6) | 795 (20.8) | 343 (14.7) |
| BMI, mean | 28.8 (6.1) | 28.5 (5.7) | 30.4 (7.3) | 27.7 (5.2) | 29.1 (6.1) |
| Blood pressure, mean (SD), mm Hg | |||||
| Systolic | 122.4 (17.8) | 122.6 (18.1) | 119.7 (15.9) | 127.3 (17.4) | 118.1 (18.3) |
| Diastolic | 73.7 (10.5) | 72.5 (10.2) | 73.6 (11.0) | 77.9 (9.7) | 71.1 (10.2) |
| Cholesterol, mean (SD) | |||||
| HDL, mg/dL | 53.5 (17.5) | 51.3 (17.2) | 59.2 (18.6) | 53.4 (17.2) | 52.2 (15.5) |
| LDL, mean (SD) | |||||
| At index visit, mg/dL | 123.0 (35.6) | 127.1 (35.7) | 111.7 (33.3) | 129.5 (36.1) | 116.4 (32.9) |
| Cumulative, mg/dL × years | 4837 (1181) | 5143 (1111) | 4007 (1032) | 5102 (1191) | 4704 (926 |
| TWA, mg/dL | 125.6 (26.6) | 130.7 (26.2) | 113.0 (24.3) | 131.2 (27.0) | 119.4 (22.2) |
| Slope, mg/dL/y | 0.7 (0.5) | 0.8 (0.4) | 0.5 (0.6) | 0.7 (0.5) | 0.7 (0.4) |
| Diabetes status | 2417 (13.2) | 1223 (14.9) | 517 (13.3) | 298 (7.8) | 379 (16.2) |
| Medication use | |||||
| Lipid-lowering | 2254 (12.3) | 634 (7.7) | 670 (17.2) | 469 (12.3) | 481 (20.6) |
| Antihypertensive | 5440 (29.7) | 2561 (31.1) | 1156 (29.7) | 955 (25.0) | 768 (32.9) |
Abbreviations; ARIC, Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study; BMI, body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared); CARDIA, Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study; FHS-O, Framingham Heart Study Offspring Cohort; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; MESA, Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis; TWA, time-weighted average.
SI unit conversion: To convert mg/dL to millimoles per liter, multiply by 0.0259.
a
Values are mean (SD) or No. (%) based on observed data at the index visit.
b
Other includes participants with self-reported race and ethnicity other than Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, or non-Hispanic White (ie, Asian, American Indian, Pacific Islander).