Table 1.

Descriptive statistics reporting the mean values for the considered countries (Italy, France, and Spain).

	Italy		France		Spain
	Mean	Std. Error	Mean	Std. Error	Mean	Std. Error
GDP per capita (GDP PC)	30758.78	335799037.00	313787177.00	223590643.00	24651.37	1168.86
Import Export Total per million	43944.06	13747.32	81936.66	18257.43	31968.96	9542.49
Population density (inhabitants per km2)	182.10	25.56	173.14	71.47	170.03a	47.47
Confirmed cases 1 peak	5528.70	2232.58	7544.31	2978.68	12961.68	4506.57
Total cases 1pk/populationa100	.18		.15		.53
Confirmed cases 2 peak	63617.60	17353.80	147884.92	34651.45	69938.53	19916.35
Total cases 2pk/population a100	2.11		2.96		2.82
Confirmed cases 3 peak	125775.35	28971.70	240817.62	45514.83	142368.47	36493.40
Total cases 3pk/population a100	4.18		4.82		5.74
Hospitalizations 1 peak	1621.90	664.28	2446.69	966.01	4639.53	1927.99
Total/total cases 1pk a100	29.34		32.43		35.79
hospitalization 2 peak	1858.70	492.98	2494.85	584.58	1065.21	283.52
Total/total cases 2pk a100	2.92		1.69		1.53
hospitalizations 3 peak	1153.20	237.79	2072.77	391.76	1617.16	428.44
Total/total cases 3pk a100	.92		0.86		1.14
ICUs 1 peak	201.75	66.63	511.46	186.70	412.58	149.83
ICUs 2 peak	183.50	45.60	372.00	87.15	150.68	39.18
ICUs 3 peak	114.40	23.37	236.15	49.09	242.53	62.90
Deaths 1 peak	274.06	65.16	263.31	72.04	1494.11	503.27
Deaths 2 peak	182.97	65.01	202.89	103.80	247.21	73.38
Deaths 3 peak	131.02	55.09	91.07	76.05	133.93	56.07
Fatality 1 peak	14.20	1.19	14.77	0.94	10.45	0.97
Fatality 2 peak	3.93	0.31	1.74	0.18	3.03	0.28
Fatality 3 peak	3.43	0.23	1.67	0.10	2.34	0.20
Valid N (listwise)	20		13		19

^aExcept Melilla and Ceuta that create distortions as outliers.