Table 1.
In vivo study of Chinese medicine treating diabetic complications by inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome.
| Names | Origin Drug Resources | Animal Model | Dosage | Diabetic Complications | Targeted Pathways or pathological mechanisms | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Apocynin | Apocynum venetum L. | SD + STZ | 60mg/kg BW | diabetic nephtopathy | NLRP3/XIAP signaling | [77] |
| Cepharanthine | Senecio scandens Buch. -Ham. ex D.Don | SD + STZ (50mg/kg) | 10 mg/kg/day (i.p.) | diabetic nephropathy | MAPK, NF-κB/NLRP3 | [67] |
| Curcumin | Curcuma longa L. | db/db mice | 200 mg/kg/day (by gavage) | diabetic nephropathy | [106] | |
| Dihydroquercetin | Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco | SD + HFD/STZ (30 mg/kg) | 25, 50, 100 mg/kg/day | diabetic nephropathy | ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3, NF-κB | [75] |
| Formononetin | Spatholobus suberectus Dunn | C57BL6/J +STZ (180 mg/kg) | 25, 50 mg/kg/bw | diabetic cognitive impairment | HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB | [96] |
| Gallic Acid | Phyllanthus emblica L. | Wistar + STZ (50 mg/kg) | 25 mg/kg/day (by gavage) | TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling | [107] | |
| Gastrodin | Gastrodia elata Blume | db/db mice | 70 and 140 mg/kg (by gavage) | diabetic encephalopathy | ER stress, TXNIP/NLRP3 signaling | [99] |
| Ginsenoside metabolite compound K | Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. | C57BL6/J + HFD (40 mg/kg) | 10, 20, 40 mg/kg/day | diabetic nephropathy | ROS/TXNIP/NLRP3, NF-κB/p38 | [74] |
| Ginsenoside Rg1 | Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. | Wistar + STZ (40 mg/kg); C57BL6/J + STZ (130mg/kg) | 20 mg/kg/day (i.p.); or 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg (by gavage) | diabetic cardiomyopathy | oxidative stress, mitochondrial biogenesis, AMPK/Nrf2/HO-1; Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 | [81, 93] |
| Ginsenoside Rg5 | Panax ginseng C.A.Mey. | C57BL6/J + HFD/STZ (40 mg/kg) | 30, 60mg/kg BW | diabetic nephropathy | MAPK, NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling | [70] |
| Gypenosides | Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino | SD rats + STZ (35 mg/kg) | 200 mg/kg (by gavage) | diabetic cardiomyopathy | ROS/NLRP3 signaling | [83] |
| Isoliquiritigenin | Dianthus chinensis L. | C57BL6/J + HFD | diet supplementation (0.5% w/w) | TLR4/NLRP3 signaling | [108] | |
| Notoginseng Fc | Panax notoginseng (Burkill) F.H.Chen | db/db mice | 5 mg/kg/day by gavage | diabetic nephropathy | [78] | |
| Oleanolic acid |
Prunella vulgaris L. |
SD + STZ (30 mg/kg) | 100 mg/kg/d by gavage | diabetic vascular complications | [86] | |
| Palbinone | Paeonia × suffruticosa Andrews | SD + STZ (65 mg/kg) | 20 mg/kg/bw | diabetic retinopathy | oxidative stress, Nrf2 pathway | [100] |
| Piperine | Piper nigrum L. | SD + STZ (51 mg/kg) | 30 mg/kg/day (i.p.) | diabetic nephropathy | NF-κB signaling | [67] |
| Quercetin | Bupleurum chinense DC. | SD + STZ (55,60 mg/kg), or db/db mice | 25, 35, 50, 70, 100 mg/kg/day by gavage | diabetic nephropathy; diabetes-associated NAFLD; diabetic encephalopathy; diabetic cardiomyopathy | lipid accumulation; SIRT1/NLRP3 | [79, 94, 97, 98, 109] |
| Salidroside | Rhodiola crenulata (Hook.f. & Thomson) H.Ohba | C57BL6/J +HFD | 100 mg/kg/d | diabetes-associated NAFLD | AMPK-dependent TXNIP/NLRP3 | [95] |
| Salvianolic Acid A | Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge | Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats + HFD | 0.5 or 1 mg/kg b.w., tail vein i.v. | Diabetic atherosclerosis | NF-κB/NLRP3 signaling | [87] |
| Sarsasapogenin | Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge | SD rats + STZ (60 mg/kg) | 20, 60 mg/kg BW | diabetic nephropathy | AGEs/RAGE axis | [80] |
| Sulforaphane | Raphanus raphanistrum subsp. sativus (L.) Domin | SD rats + STZ (65 mg/kg) | 0.5, 1 mg/kg/d | diabetic retinopathy | Nrf2 pathway | [101] |
| Ursolicacid | Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl. | ICR mice + STZ (30 mg/kg) | 100 mg/kg (by gavage) | diabetic cardiomyopathy | [53] |