TABLE 1.

Differential abilities of R-Ras effector loop mutants to induce various biological phenotypes

R-Ras L87 protein	Capacity for binding toa:			Transformationb	Cell adhesionc	Cell survivalc
	Raf	RalGDS	PI3-K
Wild type	+++	+++	+++	++	+++	+++
Mutants
S61	++	+	+	+	+	+
G63	−	++	++	−	++	++
C66	−	−	+	±	+	+

^a+++, very strong binding; ++, strong binding; +, weak binding; −, no binding. 

^b++, >100 foci; +, <100 foci; ±, <10 foci; −, no foci. 

^c+++, very strong phenotype; ++, strong phenotype; +, weak phenotype.