Table 2.
Use of disease detection dogs in outbreak response; considerations for allocation of scarce resources
| Number of facilities | High risk of serious outcome | High transmission risk not easily mitigated |
Physical checkpoints feasible | Actionable (direct toward testing) | Throughput potential | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vulnerable populationsa | 15,600 | x | x | x | + | |
| Schools or universitiesb | 209,298 | x | ? | x | ++ | |
| Public transit | 6800 organizations (APTA) | x | x | ? | +++ | |
| Grocery stores | 40,000 | ? | ? | x | ? | ++ |
| Manufacturing | x | ? | ? | ++ | ||
| Airports | 5080 (public) | ? | x | x | x | +++ |
| Migrant crossings | 330 (US-Mexico border) | ? | x | x | x | ++ |
Abbreviation: APTA, American Public Transportation Association.
a
In the case of COVID-19, congregate settings such as long-term care facilities.
b
School breakdown: K-12 schools (130,000-NCES 2017-18 data), public high schools (24,000), private secondary schools (16,000), combined schools (35,000), universities (4298) (2017 data from https://nces.ed.gov).