Table 2.
Association of AGEage with LEAD among patients with diabetes.
| AGE age | P for trend | Per SD increase | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| <37.7 | 37.7–45.8 | 45.9–52.8 | ≥52.9 | |||
| Total | ||||||
| No. of patients | 253 | 254 | 253 | 253 | ||
| No. of cases | 59 | 108 | 149 | 179 | ||
| Odds ratios | 1.00 | 2.43 (1.66–3.57) | 4.71 (3.21–6.92) | 7.95 (5.34–11.84) | <0.001 | 2.50 (2.13–2.92) |
| Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios | 1.00 | 1.72 (1.14–2.61) | 2.72 (1.76–4.22) | 4.29 (2.69–6.85) | <0.001 | 2.00 (1.66–2.42) |
| Male | ||||||
| No. of patients | 184 | 128 | 138 | 148 | ||
| No. of cases | 48 | 62 | 93 | 115 | ||
| Odds ratios | 1.00 | 2.66 (1.65–4.29) | 5.86 (3.61–9.51) | 9.87 (5.94–16.41) | <0.001 | 2.80 (2.28–3.43) |
| Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios | 1.00 | 1.63 (0.97–2.76) | 2.69 (1.53–4.71) | 4.64 (2.54–8.48) | <0.001 | 2.10 (1.64–2.69) |
| Female | ||||||
| No. of patients | 69 | 126 | 115 | 105 | ||
| No. of cases | 11 | 46 | 56 | 64 | ||
| Odds ratios | 1.00 | 3.03 (1.45–6.35) | 5.01 (2.39–10.50) | 8.23 (3.87–17.50) | <0.001 | 2.35 (1.79–3.07) |
| Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios | 1.00 | 2.39 (1.08–5.29) | 3.28 (1.45–7.43) | 4.82 (2.05–11.34) | 0.001 | 1.92 (1.40–2.61) |
| BMI < 25.0 | ||||||
| No. of patients | 121 | 145 | 145 | 154 | ||
| No. of cases | 25 | 57 | 80 | 114 | ||
| Odds ratios | 1.00 | 2.49 (1.43–4.32) | 4.73 (2.73–8.18) | 10.94 (6.20–19.33) | <0.001 | 2.84 (2.25–3.58) |
| Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios | 1.00 | 1.89 (1.05–3.41) | 3.00 (1.63–5.51) | 6.64 (3.43–12.84) | <0.001 | 2.41 (1.84–3.16) |
| BMI ≥ 25.0 | ||||||
| No. of patients | 132 | 109 | 108 | 99 | ||
| No. of cases | 34 | 51 | 69 | 65 | ||
| Odds ratios | 1.00 | 2.53 (1.47–4.36) | 5.10 (2.93–8.87) | 5.51 (3.12–9.74) | <0.001 | 2.25 (1.81–2.80) |
| Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios | 1.00 | 1.90 (1.02–3.52) | 3.08 (1.59–5.98) | 3.05 (1.53–6.07) | <0.001 | 1.78 (1.36–2.32) |
| Without diabetes family history | ||||||
| No. of patients | 117 | 100 | 87 | 103 | ||
| No. of cases | 26 | 44 | 54 | 72 | ||
| Odds ratios | 1.00 | 2.75 (1.53–4.95) | 5.73 (3.10–10.59) | 8.13 (4.44–14.90) | <0.001 | 2.42 (1.91–3.06) |
| Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios | 1.00 | 2.61 (1.37–4.98) | 4.64 (2.26–9.52) | 5.73 (2.76–11.90) | <0.001 | 2.12 (1.59–2.82) |
| With diabetes family history | ||||||
| No. of patients | 136 | 154 | 166 | 150 | ||
| No. of cases | 33 | 64 | 95 | 107 | ||
| Odds ratios | 1.00 | 2.22 (1.34–3.68) | 4.18 (2.54–6.87) | 7.77 (4.58–13.17) | <0.001 | 2.56 (2.06–3.18) |
| Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios | 1.00 | 1.25 (0.71–2.19) | 1.91 (1.08–3.39) | 3.26 (1.75–6.09) | <0.001 | 1.89 (1.46–2.44) |
| Age < 65.0 | ||||||
| No. of patients | 253 | 245 | 187 | 58 | ||
| No. of cases | 59 | 100 | 102 | 32 | ||
| Odds ratios | 1.00 | 2.27 (1.54–3.34) | 3.95 (2.62–5.94) | 4.05 (2.24–7.33) | <0.001 | 1.07 (1.05–1.09) |
| Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios | 1.00 | 1.66 (1.08–2.54) | 2.24 (1.40–3.61) | 2.28 (1.17–4.44) | <0.001 | 1.05 (1.03–1.07) |
| Age ≥ 65.0 | ||||||
| No. of patients | - | 8 | 67 | 195 | ||
| No. of cases | - | 7 | 48 | 147 | ||
| Odds ratios | - | 1.00 | 0.36 (0.04–3.13) | 0.44 (0.05–3.65) | 0.718 | 1.02 (0.99–1.06) |
| Multivariable-adjusted odds ratios | - | 1.00 | 0.30 (0.03–2.86) | 0.32 (0.03–2.95) | 0.577 | 1.02 (0.98–1.06) |
SD, standard deviation.
Adjusted for duration, BMI, SBP, DBP, hypertension history, current smoker, use of ARB, CCB, diuretics, statins, fibrates, and aspirin other than the variable for stratification.