Table 2.

Prevalence of early-life adversities and mortality* in the 1958 British birth cohort

Early-life adversity	Population sample N†	Total cases N (%)	Males (%)	Females (%)	Deaths N (%)
Socioeconomic disadvantage	9033	925 (10.2)	9.6	10.8	61 (6.6)
Neglect‡	8460	878 (10.4)	11.1	9.7	49 (5.6)
Physical abuse	9308	562 (6.0)	5.9	6.1	40 (7.1)
Psychological abuse	9310	1000 (10.7)	8.9	12.6	50 (5.0)
Witnessing abuse	9308	559 (6.0)	4.4	7.6	33 (5.9)
Sexual abuse	9308	149 (1.6)	0.5	2.7	17 (11.4)
Deaths 44/45–58 years*	9310	312 (3.4)	3.7	3.0

*Date of death was ascertained through receipt of death certificates to the Centre for Longitudinal Studies from the National Health Service Central Register (N=296), that is, data missing for 16 individuals (see: National Child Development Study Deaths Dataset, 1958–2016 UK Data Service for details). Using survey/cohort maintenance data we determined if the deceased died between 45–50 years (N=7), 50–55 years (N=5) and 55–58 years (N=4). Date of death was estimated as the midpoint between these ages.

†N varies due to missing data.

‡Those with complete data on 6 or more of 11 neglect items (as detailed in Power et al).²⁸