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. 2021 Sep 24;31(11):1148–1162. doi: 10.1038/s41422-021-00562-1

Fig. 1. Study design and major clinical parameters of five participant groups.

Fig. 1

a Overview of the study strategy. A cohort including 27 healthy controls, 19 asymptomatic subjects, 12 presymptomatic cases, and 47 mild to moderate COVID-19 patients was enrolled. The individual PBMC samples were profiled by CyTOF and RNA-seq in parallel, and the corresponding plasma samples were analyzed by Olink proteomics assay. b The summarized clinical histories of the asymptomatic and presymptomatic subjects. c Quantification of the key clinical parameters across the groups. d t-SNE plot of CD45+ circulating leukocytes, down-sample to 10,000 cells in each sample, based on 38 surface markers of CyTOF analysis. Cells are colored according to major lineage subtypes. e The lymphocyte compositions of PBMCs or red blood cell-lysed leukocytes across the groups were measured by CyTOF or flow cytometry. Significance was determined by unpaired Wilcoxon test. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001.