Putative mechanism of injury |
Direct epithelial injury with inflammation |
Haptenation of luminal contents |
Haptenation of luminal contents |
Loss of immunoregulatory signaling |
Lgr5+ stem cell persistence |
− |
+ (most crypts) |
+ (most crypts) |
+ |
Ly6a upregulation |
+ |
+ |
+ |
+ |
Secretory cell census |
Reduced goblet cells, increased tuft cells |
Not grossly affected, perhaps small decrease in goblet cells |
Reduced goblet cells |
Reduced secretory cell density due to hyperplasia of crypts/expansion of progenitor cell zone |
Effect on Lgr5+ stem cells and overall cell survival in organoids |
Dose-dependent depletion |
Depletion at higher concentrations |
Depletion at higher concentrations |
Il10−/− Tnfr1−/− organoids did not survive |
Functional reliance on Lgr5+ cells |
Not tested but previously found to be not reliant (17) |
Minor reliance |
Not tested |
Major reliance |