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. 2021 Sep 23;21:509. doi: 10.1186/s12935-021-02212-3

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of MDK-related, GBM-specific genes. A Quadrant plot of identified MDK-related and/or GBM-specific genes. The x- and y-axes show the expression values of two groups of different genes, and quadrants 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 and 9 are the overlapped genes showing the same expression in the two groups. The upper quadrant and right quadrant represent the gene counts in different expression intervals. B Biological processes (BPs) in which MDK-related, GBM-specific genes were significantly involved, with a focus on processes of interest in GBM. C KEGG pathway in which MDK-related, GBM-specific genes were significantly involved, with a focus on pathways of interest in GBM. D The enrichment score for the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway was significantly higher in the MDK-high GBM samples than in the MDK-low samples. MDK: midkine; GBM: glioblastoma; GSVA: gene set variation analysis; BP: biological process; KEGG: Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes