Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the groups
|
|
Low-risk group, n = 39
|
High-risk group, n = 44
|
Control group, n = 32
|
F
|
|
| Age in yr | 52.18 (13.91) | 69.91 (7.97) | 48.44 (13.57) | 37.171a,c | |
| Sex, % males | 31.88 | 42.03 | 26.09 | 0.704 | |
| BMI | 27.08 (5.02) | 26.50 (4.56) | 26.08 (4.42) | 0.405 | |
| Length of hospital stay | 6.56 (1.82) | 6.95 (2.03) | - | 0.362 | |
| Charlson index | 4.10 (2.38) | 4.93 (2.43) | 1.38 (1.60) | 22.861b,c | |
| Operation duration in min | 208.79 (86.34) | 208.81 (52.29) | - | 0.999 | |
| Surgical procedure, %VATS | 74.5 | 72.4 | - | 0.722 | |
| Spirometric parameters | FEV1 | 2.71 (0.83) | 1.60 (0.50) | 2.88 (0.86) | 18.301a,c |
| FVC | 3.57 (1.02) | 2.5 (1.05) | 3.59 (0.92) | 8.605a,c | |
| HADS | Anxiety | 3.95 (2.71) | 4.64 (2.95) | 2.38 (2.94) | 5.866b,c |
| Depression | 0.92 (1.49) | 4.36 (3.84) | 0.31 (0.78) | 28.964a,b,c | |
| Total | 4.87 (3.34) | 9 (5.65) | 2.69 (3.59) | 20.253a,b,c | |
Variables are expressed as mean (SD) or percentage.
a
Significant differences between low-risk and high-risk groups.
b
Significant differences between low-risk group and control group.
c
Significant differences between high-risk group and control group. BMI: Body mass index; FEV1: Forced expiratory volume in 1 s; FVC: Forced vital capacity; HADS: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; VATS: Video-assisted thoracic surgery.