Table 1.
Basic information of included studies.
| AEs | CHM composition | |||||
| Author; Published Date; location; | Sample size; Duration (in weeks) | Intervention(Chinese herbal formulae/dosage) | Control/dosage | Experimental Group | Control group | |
| Zhang 2016 | 30/30; 96 | Bushen capsule; 4 capsules 3/d | placebo capsule; 4 capsules 3/d | Decreased appetite constipation | Mild nausea constipation | Rou cong rong (Cistanche deserticola), Ze xie (Rhizoma Alismatis), and He shou wu (Polygonum multiflorum thumb) |
| Zhang 2014 | 16/12/13; 12 | CCRC capsule; 4 grains for each time, 3/d | placebo capsule 4 grains for each time, 3/d | Decreased appetite | Mild nausea | He shou wu (Polygonum multiflorum), He ye (lotus leaf), Rou cong rong (Cistanche deserticola), Di long (Earthworm), Lou lu (Stemmacantha uniflora) |
| Zhou 2007 | 42/38/37; 48 | Shenyin Oral Liquid (10 mL/piece); 2/d | Placebo Oral Liquid (10 mL/piece); 2/d | None | Facial pimples with itching | Dang shen (Codonopsis pilosula), Yin xing ye (Gnkgo biloba leaves), Long yan (euphoria longan), Da zao (Fructus Ziziphi Jujubae) |
| Wu 2016 | 62/16 12 | Bushen Jianpi Huatan Pills, 9 g/time, 2 /d | Placebo Pills, 9 g/time, 2 /d | Swollen gums | constipation | Bai zhu (Atractylodes macrocephala), Ji nei jin (Gallus gallus domesticus) |
| Zhang 2018 | 30/30; 12 | Qingnao Yizhi Granules;10 g/pack/time;3/d | Nimodipine Tablets 30 mg/time, 3/d | None | None | Shi chang pu (Acorus tatarinowii), Yu jin (Radix Rurcumae), Lou lu (Rhizoma leucorrhizae), Ji xue teng (Caulis Spatholobus), Fu ling (Poria cocos), Dang gui (Angelica sinensis), Huang jing (Polygonatum), Di long (Earthworm), Gan cao (Licorice), |
| Zhao 2009 | 30/30 12 | Jinkui Shenqi Pills Modified Pills 9 g, 2/d | Nimodipine Tablets 30 mg/time, 3/d | Not reported | Not reported | Di huang (Rehmannia glutinosa), Shan yao (yam), Shan zhu yu (Cornus officinalis), Ze xie (Rhizoma Alismatis), Fu ling (Poria cocos), Mu dan pi (peony bark), Fu zi (aconite), Gui zhi (Cinnamon Twig), Yi zhi ren (Alpinia Oxyphylla Miq), Rou cong rong (Cistanche deserticola) |
| Cui 2015 | 16/16 12 | Naofucong: 150 mL/pack, 1pack /time, 2/d | Nimodipine Tablets 30 mg/time, 3/d | None | None | Renshen (Radix Ginseng)He shou wu (Polygonum multiflorum), Shui zhi (leech), Dan shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), Huang lian (Coptis chinensis) |
| Guo2010 | 32/32/15; 12 | Huanglian Wendan Decoction 200 mL; 2/d Aniracetam analog capsules 2 grains for each time 3/d | Aniracetam capsules (0.1g/ capsule) 2 grains f 3/d, Mock decoction 200 mL; 2/d | None | None | Ban xia (Pinellia ternata)Fu ling (Poria cocos) Chen pi (dried tangerine or orange peel) Zhu ru (siliceous accretions formed under the skin of bamboo) Shi chang pu (Acorus tatarinowii) Chuan xiong (Ligusticum wallichii) Yuan zhi (polygala root) |
| Zhong 2007 | 83/83; 12 | Shenwu Capsule (5 capsules each time); 3/d | Aniracetam capsules (2 capsules /time) and Aniracetam Capsule Simulator (3capsules/ time); 3/day | Not reported | Not reported | He Shou wu (Polygonum multiflorum), Ren shen (Panax ginseng), Shi chang pu (Acorus tatarinowii) |
| Gu 2015 | 50/50 12 | Dihuang Yizhi decoction: 1pack/time, 2/d | Aniracetam capsules 200mg/time, 3/d | Not reported | Not reported | Di huang (Radix Rehmanniae), Zi he che (dried human placenta), Dan shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), Shi chang pu (Acorus tatarinowii), Gui jia jiao (Tortoise shell glue), Fu shen (poria with hostwood), Yi zhi ren (Alpinia Oxyphylla Miq) |
| Chen 2016 | 43/43 12 | Kaixin Yizhi decoction 120 m/ time,2/d | Aniracetam capsules 200 mg/time, 3/d | Not reported | Not reported | Tai zi shen (Panax japonicus), Bai zi ren (Platycadus orientali), Tu si zi (The seed of Chinese dodder), Yuan zhi (polygala root), Fu ling (Poria cocos), Shi chang pu (Acorus tatarinowii), Ba ji tian (Morinda officinalis L), Gan cao (Radix liquiritiae) |
| Wang 2011 | 45/35 12 | Shouwu Yanshou pill, 6 g /time, 3 /d, | Aniracetam capsules 0.4 g/time,3/d | None | None | He shou wu (Polygonum multiflorum), Nv zhen zi (Ligustrum lucidum), Han mo lian (Eclipta), Sang ye (Mulberry leaves), Sang shen zi (Fructus Mori Albae), Du zhong (Eucommia ulmoides), Tu si zi (The seed of Chinese dodder), Huai niu xi (Achyranthes bidentata), Xi xian cao (Siegesbeckiae), Ren dong teng (Lonicera japonica), Jin ying zi (Fructus Rosae Laevigatae), Shu di (Radix Rehmanniae), Hei zhi ma (Semen Sesami nigrum) |
| Zhu 2010 | 50/50 12 | Xuan yun ning tablets, 2 tablets/time, 3/d | Piracetam Tablets 0.8 g/time, 3/d | Insomnia, | decreased appetite, palpitation, Alanine aminotransferase was slightly increased [(46–49) μ g/L] | Zei xie (Alisma orientalis)Bai zhu (Atractylodes macrocephala), Fu ling (Poria cocos), Chen pi (dried tangerine or orange peel), Ban xia (Pinellia ternata), Nv zhen zi (Ligustrum lucidum), Han mo lian (Eclipta), Ju hua (Chrysanthemum), Niu xi (Achyranthes bidentata), Gan cao (Radix liquiritiae) |
| Li 2016 | 30/30 12 | Shenwu Granules, 1 pack/time, 3/d; Naofukang tablets placebo 0.8 g/time, 3/d | Piracetam Tablets 0.8 g/time, 3/d; Shenwu Granules Placebo,1 pack /time, 3/d | Nausea, dry mouth | None | Ren shen (Panax Ginseng), He shou wu (Polygonum multiflorum), Dan shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), Chuan xiong (Ligusticum wallichi), Chi shao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra), Hong hua (safflower)Shi chang pu (Acorus tatarinowii), Yuan zhi (polygala root), Shu di (Radix Rehmanniae), Shan zhu yu (Cornus officinalis)Shan yao (Chinese yam), Zei xie (Alisma orientalis), Yi zhi ren (Alpinia Oxyphylla Miq), Chen pi (dried tangerine or orange peel) |
| Lin 2020 | 47/41 12 | Tiaobu Xinshen Recipe, 150 mL/time; 2/d | Donepezil hydrochloride 5 mg/time 1/d | Not reported | Not reported | He shou wu (Polygonum multiflorum), Huang jing (Rhizoma Polygonatum), Huang qi (Astragalus membranaceus), Dang gui (Angelica sinensis), Gou qi zi (Fruit of Chinese wolfberry), Wu wei zi (Schisandra chinensis), Yuan zhi (polygala root), Shan zhu yu (Cornus officinalis), Dan shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), Shi chang pu (Acorus tatarinowii), Chi shao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra) |
| Miao 2012 | 48/24 12 | Bushen Huatan Quyu granules, 1 pack / time, 2/d | Donepezil Hydrochloride, 5 mg/time, 1/d | Insomnia Nausea Diarrhea | Insomnia Dreaminess Nausea Diarrhea | Renshen(Radix Ginseng), Yin yang huo(Herba Epimedii Brevicornus), Yuanzhi(Radix polygalae) |
| Chen 2017 | 35/34 24 | Shenzhi oral liquid, 1/time, 2/d | Huperzine A tablets: 50 μ g/tablet, 2 tablets/time, 2/d | Not reported | Not reported | Dang shen(Codonopsis pilosula), Yuan zhi (polygala root), Gui zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Bai shao (Radix Paeoniae Alba), Gan cao (Radix liquiritiae) |
| Sheng 2016 | 32/32 24 | Xintiaoxingfang granules, 1 pack/time, 2/d | Huperzine A tablets: 50 μ g/tablet,2 tablets/time, 2/d | Not reported | Not reported | Huang qi (Astragalus membranaceus), Hong jing tian (Rhodiola rosea), Yuan zhi (polygala root), Gui zhi (Ramulus Cinnamomi), Bai shao (Radix Paeoniae Alba), Gan cao (Radix liquiritiae) |
| Wang 2012 | 26/26 12 | Donepezil Hydrochloride, 5 mg/time,1/d; nimodipine, 40 mg /time,3/day, Guipi Decoction 200 mL daily, twice a d | Donepezil Hydrochloride, 5 mg/time,1/d; nimodipine, 40 mg /time, 3/d, | Not reported | Not reported | Ren shen (Panax Ginseng), Fu ling (Poria cocos), Di huang (Radix Rehmanniae), Bai zhu (Atractylodes macrocephala), Long yan rou (euphoria longan)Huang qi (Astragalus membranaceus), Suan zao ren (Semen Ziziphi Spinosae), Yuan zhi (polygala root), Shan zhu yu (Cornus officinalis), He shou wu (Polygonum multiflorum), Shi chang pu (Acorus tatarinowii), Huang qi (Astragalus membranaceus), Mu xiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Wu wei zi (Schisandra chinensis) |
| Xu 2013 | 30/30 12 | Nimodipine tablets 30 mg, 3/d, Qingli zengzhiyin: 150 mL/time, 2/d | Nimodipine Tablets 30 mg/time, 3/d | Abdominal discomfort | Head swelling | He shou wu (Polygonum multiflorum), Gou qi zi (The fruit of Chinese wolfberry), Yi zhi ren (Alpinia Oxyphylla Miq), Dang gui (angelica), Dan shen (Salvia miltiorrhiza), Hong hua (Safflowe), Shi chang pu (Acorus tatarinowii), Yu jin (radix curcumae), Chuan xiong (Ligusticum wallichi), Gan cao (Radix liquiritiae) |
| Wu 2017 | 53/49; 8 | Citicoline Sodium Tablets 0.2 g, 3/d and Dream sweet oral liquid 20 mL, 2/d | Citicoline Sodium Tablets 0.2 g, 3/d | Mild constipation | None | Ci wu jia (Acanthopanax), Huang jing (Polygonatum), Can e (Silkworm Moth), Sang shen (Mulberry), Dang shen (Codonopsis pilosula), Huang qi (Astragalus membranaceus), Sha ren (Amomum), Gou qi zi (Lycium Barbarum), Shan zha (Hawthorn), Shu di huang (Rehmannia glutinosa), Yin yang huo (Herba Epimedii Brevicornus), Chen pi (dried tangerine or orange peel), Fuling (Poria), Ma qian zi (Cymbidium), Ban xia (Pinellia), Ze xie (Rhizoma Alismatis), Shan yao (Yam) |
From left to right are the author's name, publication year, sample size, drug dosage, adverse events, and herbal composition, AEs = adverse events, CHM = Chinese herbal medicine.