Table 1.
Baseline, demographic characteristics along with in-hospital events and severity indices of the study population (n = 160)
| Variables | First wave | Second wave | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| BMI (kg/m2) | 25.00 (4.50) | 25.50 (4.00) | 0.301* |
| Male gender | 58 (63.0%) | 42 (61.8%) | 0.869** |
| Age (in years) | 56.00 (19.00) | 65.00 (18.50) | <0.001* |
| In-hospital mortality | 23 (25.0%) | 13 (19.1%) | 0.378** |
| Invasive ventilation | 25 (27.1%) | 11 (16.1%) | 0.100** |
| Non-invasive ventilation | 28 (30.4%) | 23 (33.8%) | 0.649* |
| APACHE-II | 15.00 (7.50) | 13.00 (5.50) | 0.007* |
| SOFA score at Day 1 of ICU stay | 4.00 (2.50) | 3.00 (2.00) | 0.213* |
| SOFA score at Day 7 of ICU stay | 3.50 (2.00) | 2.50 (2.00) | 0.119* |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 124.00 (20.00) | 125.50 (20.75) | 0.862* |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74.50 (12.00) | 76.25 (12.50) | 0.342* |
| Acute kidney injury | 21 (22.8%) | 12 (17.6%) | 0.423* |
| ARDS | 16 (17.4%) | 10 (14.7%) | 0.649* |
| Mild ARDS | 3 (3.2%) | 1 (1.4%) | 0.864† |
| Moderate ARDS | 9 (9.8%) | 7 (10.2%) | |
| Severe ARDS | 4 (4.3%) | 2 (2.9%) | |
| MODS | 9 (9.8%) | 4 (5.9%) | 0.372** |
| Thrombotic events | 11 (11.9%) | 6 (8.8%) | 0.525** |
| Bilateral lung involvement | 42 (45.6%) | 26 (38.2%) | 0.348** |
| Cardiac event | 6 (6.5%) | 3 (4.4%) | 0.734† |
| Hemodialysis support | 14 (15.2%) | 8 (11.7%) | 0.531** |
| Vasopressor support | 15 (16.3%) | 7 (10.2%) | 0.275** |
* Mann Whitney U-test, ** Chi-square test, †Fisher Exact test.
Data presented as median (IQR) or frequency (percentage).
Abbreviation: BMI: body mass index; APACHE: Acute Physiology And Chronic Health Evaluation II; SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; ARDS: Acute respiratory distress syndrome; MODS: Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome; ICU: intensive care unit.