Table 2.
Clinical features and medications received in adult myositis patients with and without AMA
| AMA-positive % (n/N) or mean (SD) | AMA-negative % (n/N) or mean (SD) | Univariate p-value | Multivariate p-value | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (N=32) | (N=587) | (N=619) | |||
| Heart involvement | |||||
| Heart involvementa | 16% (5/32) | 8% (49/587) | 0.2 | 0.2 | 9% (54/619) |
| Cardiomyopathy | 16% (5/32) | 5% (26/587) | 0.02 | 0.01 | 5% (31/619) |
| (N=30) | (N=450) | (N=480) | |||
| Muscle weakness | |||||
| At disease onset | 43% (13/30) | 42% (191/450) | 0.9 | 0.9 | 42% (204/480) |
| At follow-up visits | 90% (27/30) | 62% (280/450) | 0.002 | 0.001 | 64% (307/480) |
| Skin involvement | |||||
| DM-specific skin involvementb | 60% (18/30) | 41% (186/450) | 0.05 | 0.4 | 42% (204/480) |
| Raynaud’s phenomenon | 43% (13/30) | 14% (64/450) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | 16% (77/480) |
| Mechanics hands | 20% (6/30) | 20% (92/450) | 1.0 | 0.4 | 20% (98/480) |
| Calcinosis | 10% (3/30) | 9% (42/450) | 0.8 | 0.4 | 9% (45/480) |
| Subcutaneous edema | 7% (2/30) | 13% (60/450) | 0.4 | 0.09 | 13% (62/480) |
| Lung involvement | |||||
| Interstitial lung disease | 20% (6/30) | 20% (91/450) | 1.0 | 0.6 | 20% (97/480) |
| Esophageal involvement | |||||
| Gastroesophageal reflux disease | 27% (8/30) | 19% (86/450) | 0.3 | 0.7 | 20% (94/480) |
| Dysphagia | 63% (19/30) | 36% (160/450) | 0.002 | 0.01 | 37% (179/480) |
| Joint involvement | |||||
| Arthritis | 20% (6/30) | 18% (80/450) | 0.8 | 0.9 | 18% (86/480) |
| Arthralgia | 47% (14/30) | 34% (151/450) | 0.1 | 0.5 | 34% (165/480) |
| Systemic involvement | |||||
| Fever | 10% (3/30) | 11% (50/450) | 1.0 | 0.6 | 11% (53/480) |
| Cancer-associated myositis | 17% (5/30) | 11% (49/450) | 0.4 | 0.1 | 12% (54/480) |
| Treatments received | |||||
| Corticosteroids | 90% (27/30) | 67% (301/450) | 0.008 | 0.05 | 68% (328/480) |
| Azathioprine | 30% (9/30) | 24% (110/450) | 0.5 | 0.5 | 25% (119/480) |
| Methotrexate | 40% (12/30) | 39% (176/450) | 0.9 | 0.5 | 39% (188/480) |
| Mycophenolate | 33% (10/30) | 22% (99/450) | 0.2 | 0.5 | 23% (109/480) |
| IVIG | 60% (18/30) | 29% (132/450) | < 0.001 | 0.02 | 31% (150/480) |
| Rituximab | 27% (8/30) | 14% (63/450) | 0.07 | 0.07 | 15% (71/480) |
| Total number of medications c | 2.8 (1.4) | 2.0 (1.5) | 0.003 | 0.009 | 2.0 (1.5) |
Dichotomous variables were expressed as percentage (count) and continuous variables as mean (SD). Univariate comparisons of continuous variables were made using Student’s t-test, while dichotomous variables were compared either using chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test, as appropriate. Multivariate comparisons were performed using linear regression for continuous variables and logistic regression for dichotomous variables. All multivariate comparisons were adjusted by gender and clinical group (inclusion body myositis or autoantibody group)
IVIG intravenous immunoglobulin
aMyocarditis, atrial tachycardia, heart block, and/or cardiomyopathy
bGottron’s papules and/or heliotrope rash
cTotal number of medications received at follow-up, including corticosteroids, mycophenolate, methotrexate, IVIG, azathioprine, rituximab, and cyclophosphamide