Table 2.
Comparative univariate and multivariate analyses for cancer-specific outcomes in multifocal UTUC patients.
| Cancer-specific survival | Disease-free survival | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||||
| HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | HR (95% CI) | p value | |
| Gender | 0.278 | 0.663 | ||||||
| Female | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Male | 1.211 (0.857, 1.710) | 1.058 (0.821, 1.365) | ||||||
| Age | 0.149 | 0.648 | ||||||
| < 67.7 | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| ≥ 67.7 | 1.293 (0.912, 1.832) | 1.061 (0.823, 1.368) | ||||||
| Coronary artery disease | 0.642 | 0.994 | ||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 1.151 (0.636, 2.086) | 0.998 (0.631, 1.578) | ||||||
| Hypertension | 0.499 | 0.724 | ||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 1.127 (0.797, 1.594) | 0.955 (0.741, 1.231) | ||||||
| ESRD on dialysis | 0.102 | 0.003** | 0.046* | |||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 0.646 (0.383, 1.091) | 0.537 (0.357, 0.807) | 0.657 (0.435, 0.993) | |||||
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.636 | 0.793 | ||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 1.100 (0.741, 1.634) | 0.960 (0.711, 1.298) | ||||||
| Gout | 0.170 | 0.510 | ||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 0.376 (0.093, 1.521) | 0.788 (0.389, 1.598) | ||||||
| Non-UC malignancy | 0.002** | 0.003** | 0.375 | |||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 1.973 (1.272, 3.061) | 1.974 (1.261, 3.090) | 1.184 (0.815, 1.720) | |||||
| History of bladder tumor | 0.156 | 0.306 | ||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 1.288 (0.908, 1.828) | 1.144 (0.884, 1.481) | ||||||
| Tumor grade | 0.017* | 0.489 | < 0.001** | 0.058 | ||||
| Low grade | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| High grade | 2.197 (1.152, 4.191) | 0.780 (0.386, 1.576) | 3.374 (1.929, 5.904) | 1.765 (0.980, 3.176) | ||||
| Pathological T stage | < 0.001** | < 0.001** | < 0.001** | < 0.001** | ||||
| pTa/pTis/pT1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| pT2-4 | 5.422 (3.211, 9.158) | 4.397 (2.473, 7.818) | 3.736 (2.691, 5.187) | 2.539 (1.776, 3.630) | ||||
| Pathological N stage | 0.176 | 0.638 | 0.001** | 0.268 | ||||
| pN0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| pNx | 0.741 (0.493, 1.113) | 0.149 | 0.670 (0.444, 1.009) | 0.055 | 0.996 (0.726, 1.365) | 0.979 | 0.899 (0.654, 1.236) | 0.512 |
| pN + | 2.644 (1.471, 4.753) | 0.001** | 1.120 (0.600, 2.091) | 0.723 | 3.590 (2.273, 5.672) | < 0.001** | 1.594 (0.976, 2.603) | 0.063 |
| Histologic variant | < 0.001** | 0.400 | < 0.001** | 0.548 | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 2.251 (1.454, 3.485) | 1.226 (0.762, 1.972) | 2.027 (1.437, 2.859) | 1.122 (0.771, 1.631) | ||||
| Carcinoma in situ | 0.811 | 0.684 | ||||||
| No | 1 | 1 | ||||||
| Yes | 0.947 (0.603, 1.486) | 0.933 (0.669, 1.302) | ||||||
| Lymphovascular invasion | < 0.001** | 0.002** | < 0.001** | 0.001** | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 2.979 (2.099, 4.230) | 1.848 (1.264, 2.701) | 2.626 (2.020, 3.415) | 1.610 (1.203, 2.154) | ||||
| Tumor necrosis | < 0.001** | 0.123 | < 0.001** | 0.040* | ||||
| No | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Yes | 2.125 (1.459, 3.094) | 1.382 (0.916, 2.087) | 1.934 (1.448, 2.583) | 1.387 (1.015, 1.896) | ||||
| Tumor distribution | 0.477 | 0.988 | 0.136 | 0.622 | ||||
| Multiple RPTs | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Multiple UTs | 1.042 (0.619, 1.752) | 0.878 | 1.334 (0.780, 2.280) | 0.292 | 1.324 (0.905, 1.937) | 0.148 | 1.404 (0.953, 2.069) | 0.086 |
| Synchronous RPT and UT | 1.157 (0.755, 1.771) | 0.503 | 1.069 (0.695, 1.646) | 0.760 | 1.314 (0.946, 1.824) | 0.103 | 1.145 (0.823, 1.592) | 0.421 |
RPTs, renal pelvic tumors; UTs, ureteral tumors; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; UC, urothelial carcinoma; CI, confidence; HR, hazard ratio.
* < 0.05; ** < 0.01.