Table 1.

Comparison of changes in ulcer size after 2 and 7 days (end of study), immune-histochemical studies, and thickness of collagen layer at day 7 between HS-treated and non-treated pigs.

Ulcer size [change in % of baseline; mean (SD)]	Stomach day 2	Stomach day 7	Wilcoxon p value
HSA	20.8 (30.9)	− 22.8 (47.6)	0.037
Control	45.6 (93)	− 19 (69.1)	0.008

	Rectum day 2	Rectum day 7
HSA	37.9 (79.7)	− 50.8 (39.4)	0.005
Control	1.5 (89.1)	− 49.5 (38.4)	0.017

	HSA	control	Mann–Whitney U
Stomach day 2	20.8 (30.9)	45.6 (93)	0.971
Stomach day 7	− 22.8 (47.6)	− 19 (69.1)	0.684
Rectum day 2	37.9 (79.7)	1.5 (89.1)	0.165
Rectum day 7	− 50.8 (39.4)	− 49.5 (38.4)	0.796

Immunohistochemistry at day 7 [ERG + cells/ HPF; mean (min; max)]	HSA	Control
Stomach ulcer ground	226.7 (136.9; 316.6)	267.4 (154.1; 381.7)	0.393
Stomach ulcer margin	155.1 (97.9; 250.4)	176.7 (121.5; 236.5)	0.165
Rectum ulcer ground	237.7 (170.5; 328.5)	209 (152.3; 248)	1
Rectum ulcer margin	245.3 (132.3; 324.9)	200.6 (171.5; 249.5)	0.247

Thickness of collagen layer at day 7 [µm; mean (min; max)]	HSA	Control
Stomach ulcer ground	1220.2 (528.8; 2355.8)	1058.1 (440.1; 1643.2)	0.853
Stomach ulcer margin	892.3 (402.6; 1539)	785.7 (510.2; 1253.8)	0.971
Rectum ulcer ground	1672.4 (1184; 1966.8)	1534.7 (926.2; 1962.3)	0.780
Rectum ulcer margin	1422.8 (1173.7; 1712.6)	1340.2 (967.1; 1709.9)	0.278

Wilcoxon’s test and Mann–Whitney U test were used for statistical analyses. Significant results are printed in bold.

ERG member of the ETS family of transcription factor, HPF high power field, HSA Hemospray application, SD standard deviation.