Fig. 1.

Characteristics of the animal models.

(A) Body weight of the different models. (B) Intestinal permeability as determined by FITC dextran plasma concentrations. (C) Relative FXR expression in colon determined by qPCR. (D) Expression of Fxr-related genes in fpkm as determined by RNA sequencing. (E) Plasma bile concentrations and (F) relative plasma bile composition. (G) Gall bladder bile concentration and (H) relative gall bladder bile composition. All data are shown as mean ± SEM (n = 4–8 mice per group, except for (D) in which n = 3). Values for Fxr-intKO, Fxr-livKO, and Fxr-totKO vs. controls were tested using Student’s t test, and ∗ indicates p <0.05. FITC, fluorescein isothiocyanate; fpkm, fragments per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads; FXR, farnesoid X receptor; Fxr-intKO, intestine-specific Fxr knockout; Fxr-livKO, liver-specific Fxr knockout; Fxr-totKO, whole-body Fxr knockout; qPCR, quantitative PCR.