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. 2021 Jul 13;12(4):1343–1352. doi: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.07.005

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Lamina propria IL-10 impacts the intestinal epithelium. (1) IL-10 supports the maturation and function of differentiated IECs such as Paneth cells and goblet cells while preserving stem cell renewal.56, 57, 58, 59, 60 (2) IL-10 sustains barrier integrity through regulating intercellular junctions and supports cell repair.38,52,53,57,61 (3) IL-10 exerts antiapoptotic effects on IECs by acting on IEC gene expression and extrinsic apoptosis-inducing factors.48,62,63,64 (4) IL-10 regulates the inflammatory response by inhibiting chemokine production by IEC65 and the IFN-γ–induced major histocompatibility complex class (MHC) II expression on IECs.48 (5) IL-10 upregulates SERT66 and downregulates fucosylated glycans,67 which shapes mucosal tolerance to microbes and gut homeostasis. casp, caspase; FasL, Fas ligand; FLIP, Fas-associated death domain IL-1–converting enzyme-like inhibitory protein; Gal-3, galectin-3; MCP-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1; Pw1, zinc finger transcription factor; WISP-1, WNT1-inducible-signaling pathway protein 1.